Nei Tichifungidzirwa Nemagamba

Pepa idzva rakaburitswa mumagazini Psychology yeMukurumbira Midhiya inopa tsananguro yekuti sei dzimwe nguva tichizviwana tichitora midzi kune veTony Sopranos, Walter Whites, naHarley Quinns vepasirese. Izvo zvine chekuita nemabatiro atinoona mativi ehunhu hwedu pachedu mavari.

Nguva pfupi yadarika ndakataura naDara Greenwood, munyori anotungamira wekutsvaga, kuti ndikurukure kurudziro yake yechirongwa ichi nezvaakawana. Heino pfupiso yehurukuro yedu.

Maka Travers : Chii chakakukwezva wenyaya iyi?

Dara Greenwood : Iyo purojekiti yakatangwa neakajeka aimbove mudzidzi wangu anga achifarira kunzwisisa maitiro akasiyana epfungwa dzepfungwa angaratidze kune antihero affinities. Haisi yangu genre, kunyangwe ini ndaive ndakanyanya-kupindwa muropa ne "Imba" kudzoka riini!

Ko vanhu vanogovana dzimwe dzetsika dzisina hunhu dzemagamba vanozovawana vachinakidza here? Kana, zvaive zvichikwezva zvakanyanya zvekuti misiyano pakati pevaoni yakanga isingakoshe nenyaya.

Takaona kuti kuzvitaurisa kwehukama pakati pevatariri - senge hukasha neMachiavellianism - vakafanotaura kuwedzera kwehukama hwerudzi uye vatambi. Nekudaro, semuenzaniso, mumwe munhu akahwina pamusoro pechisimba akatarisawo zvirongwa zveherohero kakawanda, akataura kuwedzera kwekunakidzwa kwekutsiva-kwakavakirwa kurudziro, uye akanzwa kuti vaive vakafanana zvakanyanya neanoda antihero achienzaniswa neavo vanorova pazasi pechisimba.

Zvisinei, nyaya yacho yakanga yakaomawo. Vatori vechikamu vainyanya kuda kuve vakaita seanodiwa antihero ayo avakaona kuve ane hushingi kupfuura hutsinye, uye zviratidziro zvakaverengerwa sevane chisimba zvakanyanya zvaive zvakabatana nehuremu hwehunhu hwehukama.

Kumwe kutsvaga kunonakidza ndekwekuti munhu akaipa aive gamba remumwe munhu. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vakaisa Walter White kumusoro padivi rezvinhu, munhu mumwe chete akamutora segamba. Nekudaro, kune akawanda marara ekufunga.

Travers : Ndehupi hunhu hwekutaurisa kana hunhu hwepfungwa zveherohero?

Greenwood : Masayendisiti akacherekedza kuti magamba mazhinji anoita seanomirira hunhu hunonzi "Dark Triad" - boka renyeredzi rezvimiro zvisina hunhu zvinosanganisira narcissism, Machiavellianism, uye psychopathy.

Maheroheroes anonyanya kuve echirume - kunyangwe echikadzi magamba ari kunyatso bata-uye anowanzo kuve neanofungidzira "hyper-masculine" hunhu hwekusagadzikana kana hwehasha.

Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana muanogona kutorwa seanehero gamba. Vanogona kusanganisira vatambi vanofunga nezvemhuri vanopinda nekubuda mumararamiro ane hutsinye kana asina hunhu (saWalter White kana Tony Soprano), kana vangangosanganisira varindiri-vevateedzeri vakaita saJames Bond kana Batman, vanotsvaga kururamisira ivo pachavo kana vamwe kuburikidza nenzira yechisimba.

Travers : Chii chinosiyanisa gamba rechirume nerevakadzi gamba?

Greenwood : Nechimwe chinhu, huwandu hwesimba remagamba echikadzi idiki kwazvo kupfuura evarume - zvinosuwisa ndezvechokwadiwo nezvevanyori mumamuvhi neTV (murume nemukadzi skew vanoita kunge vanofamba pamusoro pe2: 1).

Mukudzidza kwedu, chete gumi muzana yevatori vechikamu vakasarudza vanhukadzi sevanoda (uye vakadzi vazhinji kupfuura varume vakavasarudza). Kune zvekare humwe hunyanzvi hunoratidza kuti vakadzi vanopikisa vanogona kunzwa kuve nemhosva zvakanyanya kupfuura vamwe vavo vechirume pakutadza, kana kuti vangave vasingafarirwe nevanoona. Izvi zvinoteedzera nenyaya yekuti vakadzi vanotyora tsika dzechikadzi dzekuti vabvumidzwe kana kungoita zvinogona kunzwisiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura varume vanozvibata nenzira imwecheteyo. Basa rakawanda rinodikanwa kujekesa mamiririri ekumiririra pano.

Travers : Kune dzimwe tsika dzinonyanya kukwezhwa nemaherohero kupfuura mamwe?

Greenwood : Kusvikira pamwero wekuti magamba anomiririra rudzi rwehukasha hwekuzvimirira, ivo vangangove vanonyanya kuve vanozivikanwa mune dzevanhu tsika, kana tsika mune izvo zvinofungidzirwa zvevanhu vanozvimiririra. Pfungwa yekumira kunze, kuve wakasarudzika, uye kuita zvine udyire pachako wega zvese zvinokodzera mukati meiyo mhando yemafungiro. Nekudaro, kumiririra vamwe kunogona kunge kuchipindirana netsika dzakaunganidzwa dzetsika. Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa kumberi uku.

Travers : Pane zvimwe zvikonzero nei tichigona kukudziridza kufarira "kusanzwisisika" kana kubatana nemaheroheroes?

Greenwood : Munzira dzakawanda, hazvisi zvachose zvisina musoro kubatana neve protagonists venyaya dzakagadzirwa zvakanaka; isu takachinja kuti tidzidze kubva munyaya uye nekutarisisa. Vamwe vezvenhau vezvepfungwa vanofunga kuti chikamu chemufaro weinonzi "kutakurwa" kuenda mumabhaisikopo neTV kugona kusangana nenjodzi kana kutyorwa kwetsika kubva kure kure. Ehezve, chakashata ndechekuti isu tinogona kuve takahwanda mamiriro ekupa yakaipa hunhu kupasa kana kushaya hanya nazvo, sezvo vatambi vacho vachitanga kunzwa seshamwari dzinodzokororwa uye isu tichiramba tichiona zviito zvechisimba. Kana, isu tinonzwa sekuti isu hasha mafungidziro ane chikonzero chakanyanya kana kukosha. Zvese zvenguva pfupi uye zvenguva refu kutsvagisa nezve zvinoitika mumhirizhonga midhiya zvinoratidza kuti hazvifanire kudzingwa seimwe (pakati pevakawanda) njodzi dzinokonzeresa.

Travers : Ndevapi vamwe vaunofarira magamba?

Greenwood : Sezvandambotaura, yanga isiri iyo chaiyo mhando yangu. Ini ndinotarisana nemhirizhonga yemhando ipi neipi uye ndakangokwanisa kuita nzira yangu kuburikidza nechikamu chekutanga che "Kuputsa Zvakaipa."

Asi ini ndaida Dr. House, pamwe nekuti Hugh Laurie aive shasha pakuita basa, uye pamwe nekuti iwe waiziva kuti iye pakupedzisira aive nevavariro dzakanaka uye mhedzisiro (kazhinji) pasi pehunhu hwake hwakaomarara. Asi ini ndinogonawo kunge ndakatsauswa ne "tsika dzekuregedza tsika." Pamwe ndinomuregedza kubva pachirauro nenzira dzake dzisina hunhu nekuti iye pakupedzisira akaponesa hupenyu. Pfungwa yekuti magumo anoruramisa nzira iri kufambirana nepfungwa zhinji yeMachivavellian. Hmm ...