Mary Parker Follett: Biography Yeiyi Sangano Psychologist

Zvemukati

• Uyu muongorori aive piyona mukugadzirisa kusagadzikana uye kugadzirisa.
• Biographie yaMary Parker Follet: piyona muhurongwa hwepfungwa
• Dzidzo yepamusoro paRadcliffe College
• Kupindira kwenharaunda uye interdisciplinarity
• Main mabasa
• 1. Simba uye simba mune zvematongerwo enyika
• 2. Maitiro ekubatanidza
• 3. Chiitiko chekusika
• 4. Kugadzirisa kusawirirana

Uyu muongorori aive piyona mukugadzirisa kusagadzikana uye kugadzirisa.

Mary Parker Follet (1868-1933) anga ari chiremba wepfungwa anopayona mune dzidziso dzehutungamiriri, kutaurirana, simba, uye gakava. Akaitawo mabasa akati wandei pane democracy uye anozivikanwa saamai ve "manejimendi" kana manejimendi manejimendi.

Munyaya ino tichaona ipfupi biography yaMary Parker Follet, Hupenyu uhwo hunotibvumidza kumisikidza kutyora kwakapetwa ruviri: kune rumwe rutivi, kutyora nhema yekuti psychology yakaitwa pasina kutora chikamu kwevakadzi, uye kune imwe, iyo yehukama hwemaindasitiri uye manejimendi manejimendi akaitwawo chete nevarume.

Biographie yaMary Parker Follet: piyona muhurongwa hwepfungwa

Mary Parket Follet akazvarwa muna 1868 mumhuri yePurotesitendi muMassachusetts, United States. Pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, akatanga kosi yekudzidzira kuThayer Academy, nzvimbo yaive ichangovhurwa vakadzi asi iyo yaive yakavakwa nechinangwa chekusimudzira dzidzo kunyanya yechirume.

Achikurudzirwa nemudzidzisi wake uye shamwari Anna Bouton Thompson, Parker Follet akatanga kufarira kwakanyanya mukudzidza nekushandisa nzira dzesainzi mukutsvaga. Panguva imwecheteyo, yakavaka uzivi hwayo pachayo panheyo dzinofanirwa kutevedzwa nemakambani mune yemagariro mamiriro eiyo nguva.

Kubudikidza nemitemo iyi, akanyanya kutarisisa nyaya dzakadai sekuona kugara zvakanaka kwevashandi, kukoshesa kuita kwevanhu pamwe chete pamwe nekusimudzira kubatana.

Nhasi uno ekupedzisira anoita kunge ari pachena, kunyangwe zvisingawanzo kutorwa mukufungwa. Asi, kutenderedza kusimuka kweTaylorism (kupatsanurwa kwemabasa mukugadzirwa, uko kunoguma nekuzviparadzanisa kwevashandi), pamwe neFordist cheni dzemusangano dzinoiswa mumasangano (zvichikoshesa hunyanzvi hwevashandi nemaketani egungano aibvumidza kuburitsa zvakawanda mu nguva shoma), dzidziso dzaMary Parker uye shanduko yaakaita yaTaylorism pachayo zvaive zvine hunyanzvi.

Dzidzo yepamusoro paRadcliffe College

Mary Parker Follet akaumbwa mu "Annex" yeHarvard University (yakazotevera Radcliffe College), yaive nzvimbo yakagadzirwa neyunivhesiti imwechete uye yaiitirwa vadzidzi vechikadzi, havana kuonekwa sevanokwanisa kugamuchira kucherechedzwa kwepamutemo kudzidza. Izvo zvavakagamuchira, zvisinei, aive makirasi nevadzidzisi vamwe chete vaidzidzisa vakomana. Muchirevo ichi, Mary Parker akasangana, pakati pevamwe vakadzidza, William James, chiremba wepfungwa uye muzivi wezve simba rakakura pane pragmatism uye akashandisa psychology.

Iyo yekupedzisira yaida psychology kuve nayo chishandiso chinoshanda chehupenyu uye kugadzirisa matambudziko, iyo yainyanya kugamuchirwa munzvimbo yebhizinesi uye mukutungamira kwemaindasitiri, uye yakashanda senge pesvedzero huru pane dzidziso dzaMary Parker.

Kupindira kwenharaunda uye interdisciplinarity

Vakadzi vazhinji, kunyangwe vakadzidziswa sevatsvagiri uye vesaenzi, vakawana mikana yakawanda uye iri nani yekusimudzira hunyanzvi mune yakashanda psychology. Zvaive zvakadaro nekuti nzvimbo dzaiitiswa psychology yekuyera dzaive dzakachengeterwa varume, idzo dzavaivewo nharaunda dzakavengana navo. Yakataura nzira yekusarura yaive pakati pemhedzisiro yayo iyo ye zvishoma nezvishoma kusanganisa yakashandiswa psychology kune echikadzi tsika.

Kubva muna1900, uye kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu, Mary Parker Follet aishanda munharaunda munharaunda dzeBoston, pakati pedzimwe nzvimbo dzakapinda muRoxbury Debate Club, inzvimbo iyo dzidziso yezvematongerwo enyika yakapihwa kune vechidiki mamiriro ekuremerwa kwakakosha kune vanobva kune dzimwe nyika.

Pfungwa yaMary Parker Follet yaive nehunhu hwakasiyana pakati pehunhu, kuburikidza nahwo hwaakakwanisa kubatanidza nekutaurirana nemasaisai akasiyana, zvese kubva kune psychology uye kubva kune zvezvematongerwo enyika nehunyanzvi. Kubva pane izvi akakwanisa kugadzira akawanda hunyanzvi hunoshanda kwete kwete chete sehurongwa hwepfungwa, asi zvakare mune dzidziso nezve democracy. Wekupedzisira akamutendera kuti ashande semupi wezano rakakosha kune ese magariro nzvimbo uye vezvehupfumi, vezvematongerwo enyika uye vezvemabhizinesi. Nekudaro, uye nekupihwa kushomeka kweiyo yakawanda positivist psychology, iyi interdisciplinarity yakakonzerawo matambudziko akasiyana kutariswa kana kuzivikanwa se "psychologist".

Main mabasa

Dzidziso dzakagadzirwa naMary Parker Follet dzave dziri inobatsira mukumisikidza akati wandei enheyo dzeanhasi manejimendi. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, dzidziso dzake dzakasiyana pakati pesimba "ne" uye "simba" pamusoro "; kutora chikamu uye kukurudzira mumapoka; uye nzira yekubatanidza yekutaurirana, ese akatorwa gare gare nechikamu chakanaka chedzidziso yesangano.

Mukurohwa kwakakura kwazvo isu tinokudziridza chikamu chidiki chemabasa aMary Parker Follet.

1. Simba uye simba mune zvematongerwo enyika

Muchirevo chakafanana cheRadcliffe College, Mary Parker Follett akadzidziswa munhoroondo nesainzi yezvematongerwo enyika pamwe naAlbert Bushnell Hart, waakatora ruzivo rukuru mukusimudzira kwesainzi. Vakapedza kudzidza summa cum laude kubva kuRadcliffe ndokunyora chinyorwa chakatorumbidzwa neaimbove Mutungamiriri weUS Theodore Roosevelt nekufunga nezve basa raMary Parker Foller. pamatanho ekutaura eUS Congress inokosha.

Mumabasa aya akaita ongororo yehungwaru yemabatiro emitemo nemaitiro anoshanda esimba uye simba, kuburikidza nekuita marekodhi ezvesangano, pamwe nekuunganidzwa kwemagwaro uye kubvunzurudzwa kwevanhu nevatungamiriri veUnited States House yeVamiririri. . . Chibereko cheiri basa ibhuku rakanzi Mutauriri weImba yeVamiriri (rakashandurwa seCongress Mutauri).

2. Maitiro ekubatanidza

Mune rimwe remabhuku ake, The New State: Group Organisation, icho chaive chibereko chechiitiko chake nebasa renharaunda, Parker Follet akadzivirira kuumbwa kwe "kubatanidza maitiro" aikwanisa kutsigira hutongi hwedemokrasi kunze kwemasimba ehutongi.

Akadzivirira zvakare kuti kupatsanurwa pakati pemunhu uye nzanga hakusi chinhu chekunyepedzera, icho chakakosha kudzidza "mapoka" uye kwete "ruzhinji", pamwe nekutsvaga kusangana kwemusiyano. Nenzira iyi, iye yakatsigira pfungwa ye "vezvematongerwo enyika" iyo inosanganisirawo zvemunhu, ndosaka ichigona kutariswa semumwe wevano tungamira vevakadzi vezvematongerwo enyika vezvematongerwo enyika (Domínguez & García, 2005).

3. Chiitiko chekusika

Chiitiko Chekusika, kubva muna 1924, ndeimwe yevamwe vake vakuru. Mune izvi, anonzwisisa "ruzivo rwekusika" senzira yekutora chikamu inoisa simba rake mukusika, uko kusangana nekusangana kwezvido zvakasiyana kwakakoshawo. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Follett anotsanangura kuti hunhu hausi hukama hwe "chidzidzo" chinobata pane "chinhu" kana zvinopesana (pfungwa yaanoona seyakakodzera kusiya), asi asi seti yezviitiko zvinowanikwa uye zvinowirirana.

Kubva ipapo, akaongorora maitiro ehukama, uye akashora kupatsanurana kwakasimba pakati pe "kufunga" uye "kuita" kunoitwa kune fungidziro yekuongorora maitiro. Maitiro anowanzo kufuratirwa kana uchifunga kuti iyo fungidziro pachayo inoto gadzira pesheni pakuongorora kwayo. Akabvunzurudza nzira dzakatarisana dzekugadzirisa matambudziko dzakatsanangurwa nechikoro che pragmatism.

4. Kugadzirisa kusawirirana

Domínguez naGarcía (2005) vanozivisa zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvinotsanangura hurukuro yaFollet yekugadzirisa gakava uye inomiririra gwara nyowani yenyika yemasangano: kune rumwe rutivi, pfungwa yekudyidzana yekukonana, uye kune imwe, chirevo chekukakavara manejimendi kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa.

Aya ndiwo marongero ehurongwa hwekubatanidza akarongwa naParker Follet, pamwe chete nemusiyano waanogadza pakati pe "simba-ne" uye "simba-pamusoro", ndiwo maviri ezvinyorwa zvinonyanya kukosha muzvinyorwa zvakasiyana zvinoshandisirwa pasangano renyika ino, ye semuenzaniso, iyo "kukunda-kuhwina" maonero ekugadzirisa kusawirirana kana kukosha kwekucherechedzwa nekutenda kwakasiyana.