Iósif Stalin: Biography Uye Matanho Ekutumwa Kwake

Zvemukati

• Imwe yenhoroondo nhoroondo inomutsa yakapesana kwazvo maonero nekuda kwekutonga kwaakagadza.
• Ipfupi biography uye kubuda kwaStalin
• IUSSR uye Stalinism
• Model yevamwe, anodzvinyirira vamwe

Imwe yenhoroondo nhoroondo inomutsa yakapesana kwazvo maonero nekuda kwekutonga kwaakagadza.

Iósif Vissariónovich Dzhugashvili, anonyanyo kuzivikanwa saIosif Stalin (1879 - 1953) zvirokwazvo ndiye anonyanya kukosha wezvematongerwo enyika munhoroondo yese yevanhu vechiSlavic, veboka reRussia zvakanyanya. Vazhinji havazomboziva kuti Josif kana Josef vakazvarwa kuGori, Georgia pasi pevatsigiri veRussia. Akazvarwa mumhuri isingafare (sababa vake vaive chidhakwa).

Kupfuura kwake kuburikidza nenhoroondo uye mabhuku ezvematongerwo enyika haana kukodzera kutaurwa, sezvo Stalin, pamusoro pekusika nyika yekutonga kuzere pamusoro pevagari, akachinja runyararo Russia kuva simba rehupfumi neuto, nekuda kweshanduko dzake dzezvematongerwo enyika dzakasimudzirwa pasi pecommunism yeSoviet, zvemauto uye zvemazuva ano zveuto nebasa rakakura. iro basa rayo raive naro pakupera kwechipiri Hondo Yenyika (1939 - 1945).

Ipfupi biography uye kubuda kwaStalin

Joseph Stalin aive nherera mumakore ake ekuyaruka, uye baba vake pavakatadza kutarisira dzidzo yake (aive murombo uye aigara achirova mwanakomana wake), akapinda chikoro chechitendero chebhodhingi. Kubva pakutanga iye akamira nekuda kwekusavimbika kwake uye kuzvidza kwake kuchikoro pamberi pevakuru vevadzidzisi.

Panguva iyoyo, Stalin akapinda mumatanho eanoshandira echimurenga kurwa uye zviitiko, achipokana nemhedzisiro yeiyo tsars. Muna 1903 Russian Social Democratic Party yakakamurwa nepakati, naIosif achitevera chiratidzo chepapiro rakanyanya kunzi "Bolshevik".

Yakanga iri panguva iyoyo Iósif akawana zita "Stalin", zvinoreva kuti "murume wesimbi", kukudza hunhu hwake husingaregi pakuita pfungwa dzake, achishandisa miitiro yehunhu hunokatyamadza, senge kuchenesa kwaakatanga kurwisa mumwe anomukira saLeon Trotsky, muvengi wake mukuru mukurwira simba.

Re-akatanga bato reSocial Democratic sebato reCommunist, Stalin akave munyori mukuru muna 1922, mushure mekukunda kweRussia Revolution muna 1917, akaona mumhirizhonga mukana wekumuka musimba uye kuve murume akasimba shanduko.

IUSSR uye Stalinism

Union of Soviet Republics yakavambwa muna 1922, kudzamara yakawira pasi zvachose muna 1991. Pfungwa ye republic yeMarxist ndiko kumuka kwesimba rezvematongerwo enyika uye kwakapararira munzvimbo dzesimba. Izvi zvinofungidzira kufanana kwaro munzvimbo dzese dzeEurasia, zvichisvika kunyangwe nyika dzeArabhu neLatin America dzinosanganisira.

Sezvo zvaisagona kuve neimwe nzira, Iósif Stalin ndiye ainyanya kutsigira uye achiburitsa chirongwa chakadai, uye nehunyanzvi hwakakura aiziva kumanikidza mutemo wake. Yakashandura nyika ikava kwete chete simba rehupfumi kana remauto, asi zvakare pfungwa. Yakanga iri meteoric shanduko padanho reindasitiri yeRussia, ichikwikwidza neUnited States yepasi rose hegemony.

Nekudaro, zvese zvine mutengo. Mutengo uyo vanhu vemunharaunda vaifanira kubhadhara, pasi pehurumende yemapurisa, nekubata kunodzvinyirira uye kubvisa chero rudzi rwekupokana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Akachenesa vashandi vake chaivo, akaisa mitemo yakaoma yevashandi kuti ikurumidze kusimudzira tekinoroji uye akamanikidza mamwe maSatellite States (nyika dziri pasi pehutongi hwechiKomonisiti).

Model yevamwe, anodzvinyirira vamwe

Joseph Stalin haana kusiya - kana kusiya - chero munhu asina hanya. Vanoyemura vanozvirova dundundu pamusoro pake uye vanotomupa rukudzo kwaari gore rega rega munharaunda yake yekuGeorgia, vachichinja tsika yacho kuita chimwe chinhu chekufambira. Pane rimwe divi, vazhinji ndeavo vanomukodzera se mumwe wevadzvanyiriri veropa vazhinji iyo nhoroondo yakamboziva.

Matanho ezvehupfumi nemagariro akaitwa ne "murume wesimbi" hazvirambiki: agrarian shanduko, shanduko yehunyanzvi, kuvandudza indasitiri yemuchadenga izvo zvakatungamira maRussia kuve ekutanga kutenderera nzvimbo, uye kuunganidzwa kwenzira dzekugadzira, yakatarwa pamberi nepashure padanho repasi rose rinogara kusvika nhasi.

Saizvozvowo, akazadzisa izvi zvese nechibhakera chesimbi, nekuparadza kodzero dzevanhu dzakadai serusununguko rwekutaura, kurambidzwa kwekutapwa uye nekuumbwa kwemabasa epachivande anotyisa akadai seKGB Zvinonzi akauraya makomunist akawanda kupfuura vavengi vavo.

Rufu rwake muna 1953 nekuda kwezvisikwa zvikonzero, zvaireva kuderera kweSocialist Union uye huwandu hwayo hwehukuru, zvichibatsira kune inonzi "Hondo Yemashoko", uko USSR yaizorasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma nesimba kusvika kumagumo muna 1991.