Sei Tichiparadzanisa Psychiatry uye Neurology?

Zvemukati

• Psychiatry Yakakosha Kuverenga
• Kubatanidza Kuchengetwa kwePfungwa mune Zvekutanga Kuchengeta Maitiro

Sezvo kufambira mberi muurourobiology uye genetics kuchiratidza kusangana kwakaomarara pakati pechimiro chehuropi, mashandiro, uye zviratidzo zvehurwere hwepfungwa, kwave nekuvandudzwa kwekufona kwekumisazve chirwere chepfungwa sechirwere chetsinga. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mune zvitaurwa neruzhinji nevanhu vakakurumbira muAmerican psychiatry, senge kutaura kwaThomas Insel kuti chirwere chepfungwa chirwere chehuropi uye chikumbiro chaEric Kandel chekubatanidza psychiatry neurology.

Hukama huripo pakati pechirwere chepfungwa neurology hwagara hwakave hunonakidza uye hwekupokana, uye idzi nharo dzakatenderedza hukama pakati pechirwere chepfungwa uye chetsinga hachisi chinhu chitsva. Anoda kusvika mazana maviri emakore apfuura, chiremba wezvemitsipa ane mukurumbira uye chiremba wezvepfungwa Wilhelm Griesinger (1845) akasimbirira kuti "zvirwere zvese zvepfungwa ndezvehuropi," nharo inotsigirwa mune zvirevo zvichangoburwa seizvo zvaInsel naKandel.

Mukupesana, chiremba wepfungwa uye muzivi Karl Jaspers (1913), achinyora makore angangoita zana Greisinger ataura, akataura kuti "hakuna kuzadzikiswa kwetariro yekuti kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwezviitiko zvepfungwa, zvehupenyu-nhoroondo uye mhedzisiro zvinogona kupa hunhu. zvikwata zvaizosimbiswa mukuwanikwa kweuropi "(peji 568).

Pepa richangoburwa rakaburitswa mu Zvinyorwa zveNeuropsychiatry uye Clinical Neurosciences inotanga, "Kunyange hazvo nhengo zhinji dziine hunyanzvi hwekurapa hwakazvimiririra, hunyanzvi hwakagovaniswa muzvikamu zviviri, neurology uye psychiatry" (Perez, Keshavan, Scharf, Boes, & Price, 2018, peji 271). hunyanzvi hunobata nezvirwere zvehuropi.

Ini ndinopokana kuti izvi zvirevo zvekugadzirisa zvekare hutano hwepfungwa sechirwere chetsinga chakavakirwa pane yakakosha chikamu chechikanganiso uye kuti mutsauko uripakati pechirwere chepfungwa neurology hausi wekumanikidza.

Uku hakusi kuramba muviri, ndiko kuti, kuti pfungwa iripo nekuda kwehuropi, uye ini ndinoendesa kuti zvinokwanisika panguva imwe chete kubvuma kuti pfungwa ibasa rehuropi uye kuti kusagadzikana kwepfungwa hakuderedzi kumatambudziko ehuropi. Kuti tiite izvi, ngatitangei tiongororei musiyano uripo pakati pehurwere hwepfungwa uye nehutano uye tobva taongorora chirevo chekuti kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kunogona kuderedzwa kuve hutachiona hwehuropi.

Zvirwere zveNeurological, nedudziro, hosha dzepakati uye dzeparutivi system, uye dzinogona kuzivikanwa pachinangwa chekuyedza kurapwa, senge electroencephalography ye pfari uye yemagineti resonance imaging yechipfuva chepfungwa. Zvirwere zvakawanda zvetsinga zvinogona localized, zvinoreva kuti zviripo sechiremera mune imwe nzvimbo yeuropi kana tsinga. Nepo zvimwe zvirwere zvetsinga zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvepfungwa, senge shanduko yemafungire kana maonero, chirwere chetsinga hachisi kunyanya kusanganisirwa nehunhu hwepfungwa, uye ivo vanove vechipiri kune izvo zvinokonzeresa zvechirwere pahurongwa hwemitsipa.

Mukupesana, kurwara kwepfungwa kana kwepfungwa kunoratidzwa nekiriniki yakakanganisika mukufunga kwemunhu, manzwiro, kana maitiro. Iyo Kuongorora uye Statistical Chinyorwa cheMapfungwa Kushushikana inoretiki haina kwayakarerekera pachikonzero chekukanganisa kwepfungwa, uye, kunyangwe paine zvinopesana nevanorapa varwere vechiremba, kurongeka kwepfungwa dzeAmerica hakuna kumbobvira kwatsanangudza zviri pamutemo chirwere chepfungwa se "kusaenzana kwemakemikari" kana chirwere chehuropi (ona Pies, 2019).

Nepo kufambira mberi kwakawanda kwakaitwa munzvimbo dzeeuroscience uye genetics izvo zvinobatsira kunzwisisa kwedu kwehurwere hwepfungwa, hapana kana imwe biomarker inozivikanwa yechero chirwere chepfungwa. Nhoroondo, kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kwakafungidzirwa zvirwere zvinoshanda, nekuda kwekukanganisa kwavo kwekushanda, pane chimiro chechirwere, ayo anofambidzana neanozivikanwa ehupenyu zvisizvo. IAmerican Psychiatric Association (2013) inotsanangura kusagadzikana kwepfungwa nenzira iyi:

Kusagadzikana kwepfungwa chirwere chinoratidzirwa nekukanganiswa kwakanyanya mukiriniki yekuziva, kudzora kwemanzwiro, kana hunhu hunoratidza kusagadzikana mune zvepfungwa, zvipenyu, kana budiriro zvinowirirana nekushanda kwepfungwa. Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kunowanzo kuve kwakabatana nekushushikana kwakanyanya mumagariro, pabasa, kana zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha (peji 20).

Psychiatry Yakakosha Kuverenga

Kubatanidza Kuchengetwa kwePfungwa mune Zvekutanga Kuchengeta Maitiro