Ndiani Anotaura Nyaya Yako? Kurangarira Kwatinoita Hamilton, uye Isu pachedu

Zvemukati

• Pfungwa dzakakosha
• Kutaura nyaya uye Hamilton
• Iko kufurira kwemunyori

Pfungwa dzakakosha

• Ndangariro dzedu dzakavakwa munharaunda.
• Muzvikwata, munhu mumwe anogona kutungamira kurondedzerwa kwenyaya, achiva mukurumbira mukurumbira.
• Vanhu vanochinja ndangariro dzavo kuti dziwirirane nenyaya dzinotaurwa nevanyori vakakurumbira - kurangarira nekukanganwa zvakafanana.

Ndiani anogara, ndiani anofa, ndiani anotaurira nyaya mumhuri yako? Ndangariro dzinowanzovakwa munharaunda. Asi iye murondedzero mumhuri yako kana seti yeshamwari iri kuchinja nzira yaunorangarira yako yapfuura?

Kutaura nyaya uye Hamilton

In Hamilton mumhanzi, murondedzeri anochinja murwiyo rwekupedzisira. Uye shanduko iyi mumunyori inosarudza nzira yatinoyeuka Alexander Hamilton.

Ndaifanira kumirira kuti ndione Hamilton kusvikira mimhanzi yawanikwa yekutenderera. Ini ndanga ndanzwa zvinhu zvinoshamisa nezvazvo, uye ndainakidzwa nazvo. Asi semuongorori wezvekurangarira, ndakabatwa neimwe pfungwa: murondedzeri wenyaya.

Mukupa nyaya, Lin-Manuel Miranda akashandisa Aaron Burr semunyori wake wekutanga. Sarudzo inonakidza, nekuti, sehunhu hwaBurr, ndiye "benzi rakamupfura." Pane chikonzero chakanaka chekufungidzira Burr naHamilton vaisave vepedyo shamwari, zvirinani kwete kumagumo. Ndiye here waungade kutaura nyaya yako yehupenyu? Uye zvakadaro, kuburikidza nemazhinji emimhanzi, Burr ndiye munhu ari kutaura nyaya yacho. Kusvikira kumagumo. Kusvikira rwiyo rwekupedzisira.

Pakati pe rwiyo rwekupedzisira, Eliza, mudzimai waHamilton, anova murondedzeri. Kuchinja vatauri chinhu chine simba chekutaura nyaya, zvichibvumira vateereri kuti vave nemaonero akasiyana nezvezviitiko. Muchiitiko ichi, Miranda akachinja munyori kuratidza chimwe chinhu nezvenyaya yaHamilton. Sezvo zvinyorwa zvemumhanzi, Eliza anotaurira nyaya yaHamilton. Anoshanda kwehupenyu hwake hwese hwakareba kuti ataure nyaya yaHamilton mushure mekunge aurayiwa naBurr mune duel. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvatinoziva nezvaHamilton zvinoratidza kunyora kwake, rake basa kurondedzera hupenyu hwake. Asi mamwe ibasa remukadzi wake. Akava munyori wake wekufa.

Iko kufurira kwemunyori

Munyori anosarudza nyaya, achisarudza zviitiko nemaonero zvekusanganisira- uye sezvakakosha, kusarudza zvekusiira kunze. Nhoroondo inofungidzirwa yakanyorwa nevanokunda. Asi nhoroondo yakanyatsonyorwa nevaya nyora . Ivo vanosarudza nzira yekutaura nyaya.

Iye murondedzeri akakosha pakurangarira kwedu pachedu zvakare. Ndiani anotaurira nyaya mumhuri yako, kana mudenderedzwa rako reshamwari? Iye murondedzeri anotora chinzvimbo chakakosha pakuvaka kwatinoita zviyeuchidzo zvedu uye nezvedu zvakapfuura zvakagovaniswa. Ivo vanosarudza izvo zvemukati zvekusanganisira, uye ivo vanoona izvo zvatino kanganwa. Ivo vanopa maonero. Kune imwe nhanho, ivo vanopa mumwe nemumwe wedu mabasa edu anoshamisa.

Kurangarira kuita kwekudyidzana mumapoka, ingave mhuri, shamwari, kana vashandi vekubasa. Tinoshanda kutaura nyaya pamwechete. Kana kamwechete boka rakabatana vakarangarira chimwe chinhu, ndangariro idzodzo dzinochinja zviyeuchidzo zvemunhu mumwe nemumwe. Vadzidzi vangu neni takaongorora izvi. Kana vanhu vayeuka pamwe chete, yega yega inopa zvikamu zvakasarudzika kunyaya. Hatina kuona chiitiko chimwe chete pakutanga; isu takatarisa pane akasiyana maficha uye isu tinorangarira dzakasiyana ruzivo. Asi pamwe chete, tinogona kurangarira kupfuura chero ani wedu aigona oga.

Uye gare gare, kana munhu wega wega achirangarira? Dzinenge dzichisanganisira ruzivo kubva kune vamwe, nekuti ruzivo rwunopihwa nevamwe richava chikamu chezvavanorangarira. Zvakakosha, ivo havazokwanise kuteedzera kuti ndangariro dzaani pakutanga; vachatora ndangariro dzemumwe munhu sedzake, "vachiba" ndangariro kubva kushamwari uye mhuri (Hyman et al., 2014; Jalbert et al., 2021). Isu tinogona kutovhiringidzika kuti ndiyani chaizvo akawana chiitiko, uye kukwereta kurangarira kweumwe munhu (Brown et al., 2015).

Asi isu hatisi kungoba zviyeuchidzo kubva kune vamwe vanhu. Kana isu tikateerera kune mumwe munhu achitaura nyaya, tinodzidza zvekuisa uye zvekusiira kunze. Kana tichitaura nyaya, tinogara tichisiya zvimwe zvinhu panze. Bill Hirst nevamwe vake vakaona kuti kana mumwe munhu akasiya chimwe chinhu kunze kwenyaya, vamwe vanhu vakateerera vanozosiya zvimwechetezvo mushure pavanotaura nyaya (Cuc, Koppel, & Hirst, 2007). Saka tinodzidzawo zvekuita kanganwa nekuteerera kune vamwe vanhu vanotaura nyaya.

Mumapoka mazhinji, vamwe vanhu vakave vanonyanya kutaura nyaya, vatungamiriri vekurangarira. Munhu wacho anogona kusiyanisa akasiyana ndangariro mabasa. Mumhuri, munhu mumwe anogona kunge aine chekuita nerumwe ruzivo uye mumwewo munhu zvimwe zvinhu: Semuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anoyeuka nzira yekuwana nzvimbo apo mumwe munhu achirangarira mazita (Harris et al., 2014). Asi kana zvasvika pazviitiko zvikuru, kazhinji mhuri inova nemutungamiriri wenhau anotungamira, murondedzeri ane mukurumbira (Cuc et al., 2006, 2007). Uye, senge mu Hamilton , nyaya yemunhu iyeye ichave iyo nyaya. Kana vamwe vanhu vachirangarira chiitiko ichi, ivo vanosanganisira izvo zvakasarudzika nemutauri ane mukurumbira, uye ivo vachakanganwa izvo zvakasiiwa nemutungamiriri anotungamira.

Kurangarira zvakapfuura hazvisi chimwe chinhu chatinoita isu pachedu. Tinorangarira nemhuri yedu neshamwari. Uye izvo zvinorangarirwa nemhuri yedu neshamwari zvichave izvo zvatinorangarira zvekare. Ndinovimba, isu tese tichava naEliza Hamilton, mumwe munhu anovaka vhezheni yekare umo isu tiri magamba echimurenga.

Cuc, A., Koppel, J., & Hirst, W. (2007). Kunyarara hakusi kwegoridhe: Mhosva yekudyidzana yakagovaniswa yekudzosa-inosimudzira kukanganwa. Psychological Sayenzi, 18(8), 727-733

Cuc, A., Ozuru, Y., Manier, D., & Hirst, W. (2006). Pakuumbwa kwendangariro dzakabatana: Basa remunyori ane mukurumbira. Memory & Kuziva, 34(4), 752-762

Cuc, A., Koppel, J., & Hirst, W. (2007). Kunyarara hakusi kwegoridhe: Mhosva yekudyidzana yakagovaniswa yekudzosa-inosimudzira kukanganwa. Zvepfungwa Sayenzi, 18(8), 727-733.

Harris, C. B., Barnier, A. J., Sutton, J., & Keil, P.G (2014). Vakaroorana sevanhu vakagovana masystem ekuziva: Kurangarira mune zvezuva nezuva zvemagariro uye zvinhu zvemamiriro. Ndangariro Zvidzidzo, 7(3), 285-297

Hyman Jr, I. E., Roundhill, R. F., Werner, K. M., & Rabiroff, C. A. (2014). Kubatana inflation: Egocentric sosi yekutarisa zvikanganiso zvichitevera kubatirana kurangarira. Zvinyorwa zveApplied Research muMemory uye Cognition, 3(4), 293-299.

Jalbert, M. C., Wulff, A. N., & Hyman Jr, I. E. (2021). Kuba nekugovana zviyeuchidzo: Kunobva kutarisa kusarura kunotevera kurangarira kwekubatana. Kuziva, 211, 104656