'Wellness-Informed': Nheyo dzeKudzidzira

Zvemukati

• Pfungwa dzakakosha
• Yedu Ancestral Context
• Yedu Ancestral Context yeVana
• Yakashanduka Nestedness
• Mhedziso

Pfungwa dzakakosha

• Kuvandudza hutano kunofanirwa kuve kwedu chinangwa, kwete kungo dzivirira kushungurudzika.
• Kunzwisisa hutano hwevanhu kunoda kunzwisisa kwepakati pezvematongerwo enyika nezvekushanda kwevanhu nekusimudzira.
• Wellness-ruzivo inoda nzwisiso yemarudzi-chaiwo mwana kurera (yakashanduka dendere).

"Trauma-ruzivo" maitiro anotora mukana wekuti vatengi kana vadzidzi kana vashandi vakashungurudzwa, nekudaro, vachichinja maitiro enzvimbo kuti ave anofunga. Mukupesana, maitiro "ehutano hwakanaka" anoreva kunzwisisa izvo zvinobatsira vana nevakuru uye mapoka kubudirira. Iyo institution inoshandisa iyi ruzivo mune ayo maitiro kusimudzira hupenyu hwevanhu uye neboka. Sezvo "kunyatsoziva" iri pfungwa nyowani, tinoda imwe nharaunda musati maitiro chaiwo mune mamwe madomeni anogona kuzivikanwa nekukurukurwa. Iko kumashure kwese ndiko kutarisisa pano.

Kana isu tikatora nzira dzakasiyana-siyana mukusimudzira kwevanhu uye hunhu hwevanhu, tinowana hwaro hwehunhu-ruzivo maitiro. Chii chatinogona kudzidza?

• Hunhu hwevanhu hunogona kuva nerunyararo zvakanyanya kupfuura ngano nezve zvakapfuura zvinoratidzira, zvichibva pakutsigira nzanga uye hunhu (Fry, 2006, 2013; Fry et al., 2021).
• Iko kushanduka kwesimba kwekugadziriswa kweboka renharaunda, kuti isu hatisi munzira yakatwasuka yatisingakwanise kupukunyuka (kureva, kuti tinogona kudzokera kune egalitarianism) (Graeber & Wengrow, 2018, 2021; Simba, 2019).
• Izvo zvinotora kutsigira ruremekedzo, hukama hwakagadzikana nenyika yepanyama.
• Ndezvipi zvipenyu-zvakajairwa kusimudza vanhu vane hutano pamwe.
• Ndeapi marudzi-chaiwo magariro uye hunhu.
• Chii chinobatsira vanhu vakuru kubudirira.

Mune ino posvo, ini ndinoongorora hwaro hwekuongorora nzira dzehutano - kureva, tsika yekuziva nezvehutano. Mune zvinotevera mabasa, ini ndichatarisa kune hutano-hwakadzidziswa dzidzo, mhuri, uye hupenyu hwebasa.

Yedu Ancestral Context

Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zveanthropology zvakanangana nenzanga dzisina kugadzirwa. Dzimwe nzanga dzevanhu dzave kuvapo kweanopfuura makore zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu, senge maSan Bushmen (Suzman, 2017), ane hutachiona hutachiona hwakagovaniswa nevanhu vese varipo (Henn et al., 2011). SavaBushmen, vanhu vazhinji vakamborarama vaigara munharaunda dzekuvhima. (Rangarira kuti budiriro yanga ichitenderedza chikamu chevanhu chete mumamireniyoni mashoma apfuura.)

Kuenderera mberi tichidzokera kumashure, enzaniso yezvematongerwo enyika uye ethology, kuburikidza nemidziyo yeurouroscience, inotipa ruzivo mumamirioni emakore emakore ekuvapo kwedu sechikamu chemutsara wemammalia uripo kwemakumi emamirioni emakore (semuenzaniso, isu tichine zvido zvemhuka ) (semuenzaniso, (McDonald, 1998; Suzuki & Hirata, 2012). Tiri mhuka dzinovaraidza, mutsetse wakabuda makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi mana emakore akapfuura, uchichengetedza huropi hwakawanda uye zvido zvekutanga zvemhuka dzinogarisana (Franklin & Mansuy, 2010; Panksepp, 1998; Spinka, Newberry & Bekoff, 2001). Zvinodiwa zvakakosha zvakakosha kusangana muhupenyu hwepakutanga apo huropi nemuviri zviri kuvakwa, kusanganisira kuzara kwakazara kweavo Maslow akaonekwa.

Mhuka dzatinoda dzinosanganisira kudya uye kudziya asi edu mammalian zvinoda zvinosanganisirawo kubata zvine rudo, kutamba, kubatana kukuru, nerutsigiro rwemunharaunda (Carter & Porges, 2013; Champagne, 2014; Chevrud & Wolf, 2009). Zvidzidzo zveAnthropological zvinotiratidza kuti sevanhu isu tinokurawo zvakanyanya patinogovana mukati mekutenderera ("limbic resonance;" Lewis Amini & Lannon, 2001) nevakuru vakawanda, pavanonyudzwa mutsika nemagariro uye kana vana vachidzidzira mumabasa evakuru (Hewlett & Gwayana, 2005; Hrdy, 2009; Sorenson, 1998; Weissner, 2014).

Iyo genus homo yapedza 99% yehuvepo-95% kumarudzi edu, homo sapiens-muzvikwata zvekutsvaga (Fry, 2006). Izvi zvinoratidza kuti miviri yedu nepfungwa zvakashanduka zvikaenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emadzitateguru aya, anonzi nharaunda yekushanduka-shanduka (Bowlby, 1969). Iko kunoratidzika senge kunonyanya kukosha kwenguva refu-kugara zvakanaka kuri muhucheche hwehudiki.

Yedu Ancestral Context yeVana

Kutarisisa kumamiriro emadzitateguru evana kwakatanga kudhonzwa naJohn Bowlby (1969) muma1950. Akataura kuti fungidziro dzinowanzoitika pamusoro pekukura kwevana dzakapihwa nehunhu uye Freudian psychoanalysis panguva iyoyo yaisakwanisa kutsanangura maitiro akaparadzwa evana vakapatsanurwa nemhuri nenherera panguva nepashure peHondo Yenyika II. Achishandisa maitiro ehunhu, akaona kuti vana vanoda zvinopfuura kudziya, pekugara, uye chikafu kubva kuvabereki vavo. Kufanana nedzimwe mhuka zhinji dzinoyamwisa, vana "vakagadzirwa" kunamatira kune vanoteerera vanochengeta panguva yekutanga yakaoma uye vanotambura pavanoparadzaniswa. Bowlby akacherechedzawo muchengeti wekubatanidza system iyo inofambisa kurera kuchengetwa kwevana uye inoita kuti inakidze (Bowlby, 1969). Mamamaria kubereka chinhu! (Krasnegor, & Mabhiriji, 2010).

Kunyangwe zvese zvipuka zvemumagariro zviri panjodzi yemhedzisiro yakaipa kubva mukurera kwakashata, vana vevanhu vanonyanya kutambura. Vana pazere-izere kuberekwa vanozvarwa vaine chete 25% yehukuru hwehuropi huwandu; huropi hunopeta hukuru hwayo mumakore maviri ekutanga nekuchengetwa kwekuchengetedza, nepo kukura kwehuropi uye basa risingakure muhukuru kana kuomarara nekuregeredza (Perry et al., 1995). Vana vakafanana nemucheche wemamwe mhuka kusvika pamwedzi gumi nesere yezera rekuzvara, zvichireva kuti vane zvakawanda zvekukura uye kuzvirongedza pachavo zvichienderana nehupenyu hwepamoyo.

Nekutsvagisa kwekutsvagurudza kwevana, isu tava kuziva kuti akawanda masisitimu ehuropi anokanganiswa neruzivo rwekutanga nevachengeti, saka mhedzisiro yechiitiko chekutanga ine mhedzisiro yenguva refu yeurourobiological (Schore, 2019). Semuenzaniso, iyo chaiyo huropi hemisphere yakarongerwa kukura nekukurumidza mumakore ekutanga ehupenyu nekutarisira kwekurera. Undercare inovandudza iyo chaiyo hemisphere inogona kukonzera gare gare hutano hwepfungwa.

Varume uropi hwakanyanya kukanganisika nekusachengetwa nekuda kwekushomeka kwakavakirwa-mukusimba uye kunonoka kumera kupfuura huro hwevakadzi (Schore, 2017). Vanoda kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya asi isu tinovapa zvishoma, tichivasiya ivo kuti vatarire pane mamwe echinyakare masisitimu emukati ekutonga / kuzviisa pasi. Mukukura kwavo vakaomarara nekuda kwekukodzera kwehuropi kusasimukira, sevanyanzvi vezvepfungwa (Tweedy, 2021).

Yakashanduka Nestedness

Scholarship mune dzakasimukira tsika inowanzove neyakaonda maonero ehunhu, yakatetepa zvekuti vazivi vanotofungisisa kuti mwana angave akaita sei pachitsuwa chega. Chero ani anoziva prehistory yemunhu aigona kuwana iwo mubvunzo usina musoro. Hakuna mwana asina amai kana mai mai mwana vanobudirira vasina rutsigiro munharaunda, sezvo rutsigiro rwaamai rwunoita musiyano wakakura wekuti mwana achabuda sei (Hrdy, 2009; Hawkes, O'Connell, & Blurton-Jones, 1989). Mwana anoshaiwa zvekuti zvinotora seti yevakuru vanoteerera kuti mwana anzwe kutsigirwa. Dendere rakashanduka rinopa rutsigiro rwakakodzera pese pese munzira yekukura, kuenzaniswa pamwe neyekukura nzira yemwana.

Mhedziso

Kuva neruzivo nezvehutano kunotikurudzira kuti tinzwisise zvishuwo zvedu zvakakosha zvemhando yepamusoro uye kuti tingaite sei uye kuti kusangana kwadzo kunoratidzika sei (Gowdy, 1998). Kuburikidza nebasa rekudyidzana, isu tinodzidza mhedzisiro izvo zvido kana maitiro anazvo mukukura kwevanhu uye kugarika. Njere dzakadai dzinotibatsira kuona izvo zvinokurudzira hutano kana kwete munyika yanhasi. Izvi zvinotibvumidza isu kuti tisarudze tichiziva mabhaisikopo echokwadi uye titore maitiro anokurudzira kugara zvakanaka, atinozoongorora mune zvinotevera zvinyorwa.

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