Unoshuva Zvakadii Nezve Kubhejera?

Zvemukati

• Kumanikidza Maitiro Anokosha Anoverengwa
• Iyo Psychology yekubheja

Unofarira kubhejera here?

Kunyangwe zvinosanganisira kushandisa mari kumatikiti erotari, kushanya nguva dzose kumakasino emuno, kubheja zvisina kujairika, kana kutamba ruzhinji rwemawebhusaiti ane chekuita nekubhejera aripo iye zvino, hapana kupokana kuti kubhejera kuri nyore kupfuura zvazvaimboita kare. MuUnited States moga, indasitiri yekubhejera inopa mari inofungidzirwa kuva mabhiriyoni 137,5 emadhora kuupfumi hweU.S. Kana iri mari yekubhejera inounza kutenderera pasirese, iyo yakazara kubhejera goho (GGY) yemusika wepasi rese wekubhejera yakafungidzirwa kuzosvika 495 mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuUS muna 2019.

Nepo indasitiri yekubhejera ichipa mabasa kumazana ezviuru zvevanhu kutenderera pasirese, ine yakasviba zvakare.Kunyangwe hazvo vanhu vazhinji vanobhejera vasingawanzo kusangana nematambudziko, mashoma, asi akakosha, muzana yevose vanobhejera vanogadzira nyaya dzekuvimbika dzinogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba emari uye emupfungwa. Muenzaniso unoshamisa weizvozvo wakabuda nguva pfupi yadarika apo vaongorori vakazivisa kuti kuongororwa kwechikoro cheKaturike padhuze neLos Angeles kwakatemwa kuti masista maviri, ese ari maviri akashanda pachikoro kwemakumi emakore, akange abira mari yekubhadhara nzendo dzekubheja kuenda kuLas Vegas. Kunyangwe iyo chaiyo mari isina kuziviswa, mamwe masosi akaiisa yakakwira kunge $ 500,000. Nhau dzakadai hadziwanzo kujairika uye zviitiko zvekuba mari, kuba, uye kubhuroka zvine chekuita nekubhejera zvinoramba zvichiitika.

Yakarongedzwa sekupindwa muropa nedambudziko pasi pechinyorwa chazvino cheDaagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-V), kubhejera kusagadzikana kunotsanangurwa se "kuramba uchiramba uchinetsa maitiro ekubhejera zvichikonzera kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya kana kushungurudzika" izvo zvinowanzo kuongororwa akasiyana maitiro maitiro anogona kusanganisira:

• Inoda kubhejera nemari inowedzera yemari kuitira kuti uwane mufaro unodikanwa
• Kusagadzikana kana kutsamwa paunenge uchiedza kurega kubhejera
• Kuva nekuedza kusingabudirire kwekuedza kudzora, kudzika, kana kurega kubhejera
• Kubatikana nekubhejera (p.
• Mushure mekurasa mari kubhejera, kazhinji inodzoka rimwe zuva kuti riwane ("kudzingirira" kurasikirwa kweumwe)
• Kunyepa kuvanza kukura kwekubatana nekubhejera
• Akaisa panjodzi kana kurasikirwa nehukama hwakakosha, basa, dzidzo kana mukana webasa nekuda kwekubhejera
• Inovimba nevamwe kuti vape mari yekudzora mamiriro ekushomeka emari anokonzerwa nekubhejera

Kana ari matambudziko mangani ekubhejera ariko kunze uko, izvo zvinowanzoenderana nekuti tsananguro yakashandiswa sei, kuti yakanyanya sei zviratidzo, uye nekwavanogara. Semuenzaniso, ongororo yakaitwa muna 2002 yakatumirwa neNevada department reHuman Resources inoratidza kuti vangangoita 2,2 kusvika 3.6 muzana yevagari veNevada vane makore anodarika gumi nemasere vane imwe dambudziko rekubhejera, nepo zvidzidzo zvevanonetsa vanobhejera kumwe kunowanzo taura huwandu hwehuwandu hwe .5 kusvika ku3 muzana.

Asi chii chinoita kuti kubheja kupinde muropa kune vamwe vanhu? Pamwe pamwe nekunakidzwa kwekutanga kunouya kubva mukuhwina, vazhinji vanobhejera vanoona kuda kwavo zviitiko zvine chekuita nekubhejera sechikamu chekuziva kwavo chaiko. Mupfungwa chaiyo, kubhejera kwave kwavo kuda . Kazhinji zvinotsanangurwa se "kuda kwakasimba kuita chiitiko chekuzvitsanangudza icho vanhu vanoda, vanowana chakakosha, uye mavanoshandisa nguva nesimba," kuda kunoita basa rakakosha mumabasa mazhinji evanhu, kunyangwe iri shungu dzemutambo wakapihwa, shungu. yekutora, kuva fan akazvipira wemimhanzi, hunyanzvi, yemitambo, kana kunyangwe anofarira terevhizheni, nezvimwewo Kushushikana kunogona kuzviratidza nenzira dzakasiyana siyana.

Vachiziva kukosha kweshungu muhupenyu hwevanhu, vanachiremba vepfungwa vakaita zvidzidzo zvakawanda vachiongorora kuda uye kuti zvinogona kukurudzira sei vanhu. Uye, mumakore achangopfuura, yakawanda yekutsvagisa iyi yakanangana neiyo dualistic modhi yechishuwo chakarongwa nachiremba wezvepfungwa Robert J. Vallerand.

Zvinoenderana neiyi modhi, kushuvira kunogona kutaridzika sekunge kuve zvinopindirana kana obsessive . Nechishuwo chinopindirana, vanhu vanosarudza kuita chiitiko chavanoda, vachiite chikamu chehunhu hwavo, uye vozvibatanidza mune zvimwe zvinhu zvehupenyu hwavo sechikamu chehukama hwakazara. Kune rimwe divi, kushushikana kwekuda chiitiko kana kufarira kunogona kukurira pfungwa yekuzvimirira uye kuita kuti vanhu vateedzere chiitiko ichocho vachibhadharisa zvimwe, zvakakosha zviitiko. Chiratidzo chakanaka chekuti kuda kunowirirana here kana kunyanyisa ndeye vanhu vanozvidzivirira pavanowana vachitsanangura hukama hwavo nechiitiko ichocho. Kana mumwe munhu akanzwa kudiwa kwekunyepa, kana neimwe nzira kutamba, inguva yakawanda sei, zviwanikwa, uye simba ravanoshandisa pachiitiko ichocho, zvinoratidza kuti kufarira kwavo kwave kuita kwehutachiona kwete kweiyo hupenyu-inosimbisa kufarira iyo inowirirana kushuva kunogona kuunza.

Asi iwo maitiro maviri echishuwo anogona kubatsira kutsanangura kubhejera kwehutachiona? Chidzidzo chitsva chekutsvaga chakaburitswa mumagazini Inokurudzira Sayenzi inoratidza kuti inogona. Nekutsvagurudza kwavo, Benjamin J. I. Schellenberg weUniversity yeOttawa naDaniel S. Bailis veYunivhesiti yeManitoba vakatora vashandi makumi maviri nemaviri kubva kumaCasino maviri eCanada. Pamwe chete nekupa ruzivo rwehuwandu hwevanhu, vatori vechikamu vakabvunzwa kupedzisa iyo Kubhejera Passion Scale kuti vaone zvinoenderana uye zvinokatyamadza zvinhu zvekubhejera. Yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa muzvidzidzo zvakapfuura zvekutsvaga, chiyero chinosanganisira zvinhu zvakaita sekuti "Ini ndaisakwanisa kurarama ndisina mutambo uyu wekubhejera" uye "Uyu mutambo wekubhejera unondibvumidza kurarama zviitiko zvisingakanganwike." Mushure mekupedza chiyero, vatori vechikamu vakabva vapedzisa mutambo wekubhejera wakafananidzwa vachishandisa iyo Iowa Kubheja Task (IGT). Kwese kuyedzwa kwakaitwa pamatafura akaisirwa mumakasino foyers.

IGT yakatanga kugadzirirwa kuti ishandiswe mukutsvagisa kwekufungisisa kutevedzera zvisarudzo chaizvo-zveupenyu zvinoitwa nevanobheja. Muedzo unoita kuti mumwe nemumwe anenge achitora chikamu agamuchire chikwereti chekutanga chemadhora zviuru zviviri mumari yekufungidzira uye nekurairwa kuti vawedzere purofiti yavo nekuita sarudzo kubva pamatanho mana emakadhi. Iwo maviri ekutanga madheki, madhiri A uye B, anopa mibairo yepamusoro asi kunyangwe yakakwira mitengo, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwemambure pamusoro peiyo IGT, nepo mamwe madhiri maviri, madhiri C uye D, anopa mibairo midiki asi kunyangwe zvidiki zvidiki zvinotungamira mambure anowana. Kutora njodzi paGT nekuita sarudzo zhinji kubva pamadhikanda A uye B kupfuura madheki C uye D, nekudaro, zano rekurasikirwa iro, kunyangwe rinogona kutungamira mukubudirira kukuru uye kugadzirisa kurasikirwa kwakapfuura pane chero kupihwa muyedzo, pakupedzisira kunoguma nekurasikirwa nemambure pamusoro nzira ye IGT. Mumwe nemumwe anotora chikamu anobva aita sarudzo zana uye anotambira mhinduro nekukasika nezve huwandu hwemari yakawanikwa kana kurasikirwa mushure memuedzo wega wega. Sezvo vatori vechikamu vasina kuudzwa nezve mutsauko uripo pakati pemadheki, vanofanirwa kudzidza mukati mese miedzo sarudzo dzekuita. IGT yakazadzikiswa pakombuta yembozhanhare iyo inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuenzanisa zviyero zvakasiyana kuti uone kuita sarudzo kuita kubudirira (kureva, huwandu hwemari yasara, muzana yemakadhi akatorwa kubva kumateki asina kunaka, nezvimwewo).

Kumanikidza Maitiro Anokosha Anoverengwa

Iyo Psychology yekubheja