Kudya Kwakanyanya Kuchinja Sei Ubongo

Uri kushamisika kana cheki yemasikati iyi ichachinja muviri wako? Nepo vazhinji vedu tichifungidzira ichichinja chiuno chedu, vashoma vanoshamisika kana ichichinjawo huropi. Asi zvinoita, uye ongororo ichangobva kuburitswa (Rossi, 2019) inotiratidza sei.

Pfungwa yekuti huropi hunokanganisa zvese zvatinoita haifaniri kushamisika; watinoda, manzwiro atinoita, uye kunyange izvo zvatinodya zvinokanganiswa nehuropi. Kurara zvakadzika pazasi pehuropi hwedu kunogara boka remasero anosanganisira iyo hypothalamus. Iyo hypothalamus inoronga kutonga pamusoro pemaitiro akati wandei ane chekuita nekupona kwemarudzi; hunhu hunoti, sezvandinogara ndichiudza vadzidzi vangu, vanoumba maF mana emutemo we hypothalamic - kurwa, kutiza, kufudza, uye kusangana.

Kufanana nenzvimbo zhinji dzehuropi, iyo hypothalamus yakakamurwa kuita zvidiki zvidiki; aya anowanzo simbwa achishandisa mazwi anonongedza kunongedzera. Funga, semuenzaniso, iyo yekupedzisira hypothalamus. Zita rayo rinoreva kuti rinogara muchikamu chekupedzisira cheiyo hypothalamus, kana kure nepakati. Avo vedu vanofarira maitiro anokurudzirwa vanoziva kuti kudzidza huropi hune simba pamusoro pekukupa iwe unozodzivira kuyambuka nzira neiyo lateral hypothalamus. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chimiro chakakosha mukufambisa kana kuwedzera kudya. Inoita izvi nekugadzirisa metabolism, kugaya, insulin kuchengetedzwa, uye kuravira kwekunzwa, kutumidza mashoma zvikonzero. Iyo yekupedzisira hypothalamus zvakare inochengetedzwa kwazvo pamarudzi ese uye nekudaro yakakodzera kuenzanisira akasiyana maitiro ehunhu hwevanhu kudya. Saka kana iwe uchifunga kuwedzera kudya, funga zvakawedzera chiitiko mune yako lateral hypothalamus.

Hukama uhwu hwakatanga kuratidzwa mukutanga-kusiri kwemunhu zvidzidzo zvemhuka, izvo zvakaratidza kuti makonzo ane kukuvara kune yavo yekupedzisira hypothalamus kazhinji yairamba kudya uye, zvakapesana, seizvo munhu angatarisira, kukurudzira kana kumisikidza dunhu iri zvakakonzera kudya kusinga gutsikane. Idiosyncrasies yeiyo chinongedzo pakati pekudya uye iyo lateral hypothalamus kubva ipapo yakave yakadzidzwa zvakanyanya uye izvi zvimiro zviri pamusoro pechikamu chehurukuro yedu. Ziva chokwadi, zvisinei, kuti mazhinji akanakisa maitiro eurourosayendisiti akatsaurira huwandu husingaenzanisike hwemaawa kuti vazivise kunzwisisa kwedu kwekuti lateral hypothalamus inopindirana sei nekudya uye mubayiro wezvokudya. Chinyorwa chaRossi uye vaanoshanda navo vanoita izvozvi, nekuratidza kuti kudya kwakanyanya kunogadzirisa sei iyo lateral hypothalamus uye kuti shanduko idzi dzinokanganisa sei madyo.

Nokubatanidza nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzemaseru, ivo vaongorori vakaongorora kana chikafu chine mafuta mazhinji chakashandura kutaura kwemajini mumaseru ekupedzisira hypothalamus. Iko kuyedza kwakagadzirwa kuenzanisa gene kutaura kwemasero mumakonzo anogamuchira kudya kwemafuta mazhinji kune avo vanogamuchira chikafu chakajairika. Vakawana yakachinja gene kutaura semhedzisiro yekufutisa mune akasiyana maseru mukati meiyo lateral hypothalamus. Nekudaro, iyo yakasimba kufutisa-inosimudzira magene shanduko yakaitika mumasero ane protein inonzi vesicular glutamate transporter mhando-2. Kazhinji, aya maseru anoshandisa inokurumidza-kuita-inonakidza pfungwa kemikari kemikari inonzi glutamate. Vakaongorora masero aya mberi ndokuona kuti anoteerera kunwa shuga; zvisinei, ukuru hwekupindura hwaitsamira pamamiriro ekusimudzira emhuka: Chikafu chakawanda sei icho mhuka chaaida chakakanganisa mashandiro anoita maseru kune shuga.

Kutanga-kudyisa mbeva (yakaderera-inokurudzira nyika) kana kuunza iyo 24-awa yekutsanya mamiriro (yakakwira-inokurudzira nyika) pamberi pekuyedza kwakadzora kukurudzira kwechikafu. Iwo maseru anonakidza mune yekupedzisira hypothalamus yemhuka mune yakaderera inokurudzira nyika (isina nzara) yakasangana nekushomeka kukuru mushure mekushandisa shuga kupfuura mhuka dzaitsanya. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuguta kwechikafu kunokanganisa mubairo wekunyorera kwekudya kunoitika mukati me lateral hypothalamus.

Chainyanya kufadza nezve chimiro chekodhi chemaseru anofadza ndechekuti chikafu chine mafuta mazhinji chakashandura mwero wekupindura kwavo. Sezvinei, maseru emhuka pane chikafu chinogara chakachengetedza kugona kwavo kuona kudyiwa kweshuga, asi masero ari mumakonzo pane kudya kwemafuta akawanda akazoita zvishoma nezvishoma asingateereri shuga; saka, shanduko muhuropi.

Izvi zvakawanikwa ndezvekufungidzira uye zvinonakidza, sezvo zvichiratidza kuti kudya kwemafuta mazhinji kunoshandura kukodha kwemubairo wezvokudya mumasero ega ega mune lateral hypothalamus. Uyezve, isu ikozvino taona kuti chisingaperi chakakora-mafuta chikafu chinogadzirisa iyo yekupedzisira hypothalamus nekudzivirira yavo neural mhinduro uye nekudaro ichideredza iyo inoguma "brake" yekudya. Mune mamwe mazwi, chikafu chakakora-mafuta chinogona kuchinja huropi hwako kusimudzira kunyanya kudya.