Zvirwere Zvirwere, Kusarura Matenda

Zvizhinji zvekutsvagisa kwangu pamusoro petsika uye hutano hwepfungwa zvakabatanidza China kana nharaunda yeChinese muCanada. Zvinyorwa zvangu, chinyorwa chetenzi wangu, kunyangwe yangu undergraduate honors thesis vese vaive neiyi tarisiro. Kwemakore, ini ndakashanda nevazhinji vandaishanda navo uye vadzidzi veChinese mavambo. Saizvozvo, ndakavhunduka - asi zvinosuwisa, handina kushamisika - kunzwa mishumo yekuwedzera kufungirwa zvisizvo maEast Asians muCanada apo dambudziko re COVID-19 rakatanga kuitika.

Pakutanga mwedzi uno, timu yeavo vepfungwa kuUniversity yeAlberta ¹ , mukubatana pamwe neasina purofiti Angus Reid Institute, yakaburitsa mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti maanecdotes anoratidza zviitiko zvakapararira. Pakati pevane makumi mashanu nevatanhatu veChinese-vekutanga vatori vechikamu, 50% vakataura vachinyombwa uye 43% vakashumwa kutyisidzirwa kana kutyisidzirwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakabatana zvakananga neCOVID-19. Chete chetatu chevatori vechikamu vakataura vachiwanzoburitsa pachena zvemukati merudzi pasocial media. Vane-vechishanu vevatendi vanofunga kuti maCanada vanopomera vanhu vekuChina chizvarwa chechirwere ichi.

Kubuda kweSARS muna 2003

Vhiki rapfuura, ndakatsanangura chidzidzo chekutsvaga icho chakakurumidza kuongorora makuru makuru ezvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza zvinyorwa kuti unzwisise zviri nani COVID-19 kupararira. Kutsvaga kwakadzama hakuitwe kana kutaurwa nekukurumidza, zvisinei, uye zvinogona kunge zviri makore isu tisati tanyatsonzwisisa kuyera uye kukanganisa kwekusarura kwakabatana nedenda. Zvatinogona kuita pachinzvimbo kutarisa kumashure kuzvidzidzo zvakaitiswa panguva dzakapfuura chirwere. Mumwe muenzaniso ndeye 2003 kuputika kweSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) muna 2003.

Ndinorangarira zvakanaka SARS. Kunyange hazvo yaive yakaganhurirwa kuEast Asia, pakanga painewo chirwere chakakurumbira muToronto, iro guta hombe padyo nemusabhabha kwandakakurira. Pakange pasina kushomeka kwekutya pamusoro pekuti zvinhu zvakaipa zvaigona sei kuwana. Panguva iyoyo, ini ndaivewo kumucheto kwemutsara wekuunganidzwa kwemashoko kuzvipatara zviviri, chimwe chiri kuChina (Changsha) uye chimwe chiri muToronto. Pasina nguva vateveri vangu vekupedzisira pavakaunganidzwa kupfuura kutanga chimwe chipatara, uyezve chimwe, chakavharwa kutsvaga. Vaviri vandinoshanda navo vekuChinese-Canada vakaratidza kunetsekana nezve kufungidzira kunogona kuitika.

Mukupedzisira, dzakatenderedza zviuru zvisere zveSARS zviitiko zvakamhan'arwa pasirese, paine vanhu vanosvika mazana mapfumbamwe vakafa. Idzi nhamba dzinoita sedzisina basa kana ichienzaniswa nemutero unokwira we COVID-19. Rangarira, zvisinei, kuti kwemwedzi yakati wandei pakanga paine kusava nechokwadi kwakadzama kwekuti SARS yaizopararira sei nyore nyore. Muzvidzidzo zviviri zvandiri kuda kutsanangura, pakanga pasina nzira yevatori vechikamu yekufungidzira zvatinoziva iye zvino nekuona kumashure.

Pandakaverenga zvinyorwa zvetsika nemagariro paSARS mhinduro, ndakabayiwa moyo nekufanana kwakawanda nemamiriro edu ezvinhu. Izvi zvaive zvakanyanya kuitika mukati memwedzi mishoma yekusava nechokwadi uye kuwedzera kutya mukati megore ra2003. Sezvandakadzidza, kufungira zvakaipa maEast Asians panguva iyi kwakanyatsoratidzwa.Vatsvakurudzi vanoverengeka vakaona hukama pakati pekusarura uye nhepfenyuro inosanganisa "tsika dzechiChinese" kune zvisina kunaka maitiro. Iyi nhoroondo yaive nemhedzisiro.

Chinatown yeNew York City

Muzhizha ra2004, chiremba anthropologist Laura Eichelberger akapedza vhiki nhanhatu achitsvaga muChinatown yeNew York City. Akabvunzurudza vanhu makumi matatu nenomwe avo vakapedza nguva zhinji vachigara kana kushanda muChinatown panguva ya2003 kuputika. Akabvunzurudzawo vakuru vehutano hwevamiriri uye vamiriri veAsia American masangano aigara nekushanda kunze kweChinatown.

Akawana kubvumirana kwakapararira kwekuti vamwe vanhu vaidzivirira Chinatown nevaya vaigara kana kushanda ipapo. Mumwe akamupindura akarondedzera chiitiko che "kukosora ari muAsia": "Munhau, mifananidzo yevaAsia vakapakata kumeso yakaita kuti vanhu vade kunzvenga Chinatown. Chainyatso kuoneka muzvitima: dai kuAsia kwaikosora chitima, vanhu vaivatarisa zvisina kunaka, vobva vaenda. ” (peji 1289)

Vazhinji vakapindura vakatsanangura nhengo dzenhepfenyuro dzichishamisika nekushaikwa kwekutya. Vatori venhau vakatoonekwa vachitsvaga mikana isingawanzo kutora mifananidzo yevanhu vakapfeka mamask. Kuita kwemasangano emuno kune izvi zvese kwakasanganiswa. Vamwe vakaronga kurwisa kusvibiswa. Vamwe vakaedza kurerutsa mamiriro ezvinhu nekunetseka kuti kushambadzwa kwaizongo simbisa hukama pakati peChinatown neSARS.

Haasi ese maseru aibva kunze kwenharaunda, zvakadaro. Vamwe vakapindura vakataura nezvedziviriro yavanogona kuita mimwe migwagwa ine runyerekupe rwekuti vave nemhosva dzeSARS. Kufungira zvisizvo nezve "tsika dzechiChinese" zvakadzokororwa mukati meChinatown, nekunetsekana kwakaratidzwa pamusoro pevanhu vanobva murombo, kumaruwa, kana kwakawanda tsika. Nepo vakapindura kazhinji vaisanzvenga vanhu vari panjodzi uye vasingadzivise vafambi vachangoburwa, ivo vaidzivirira vafambi vachangobuda.

Amoy Gardens eHong Kong

Pakupedzisira, Chinatown yeNew York City yakashuma chaizvo zero zero kesi. Panzvimbo iyoyo, pakanga paita kuputika kwekutya uye kufungira pamusoro peboka revashoma vane hukama hwakanyanya kune chirwere chinotangira zviuru zvemamaira kure. Izvo hazvigone kutaurwa nezveAmoy Gardens, chivakwa chekugara muHong Kong. Kwete Hong Kong chete yaive yechipiri-yakarova guta, ine 1,755 yakasimbiswa kesi uye 299 vakafa, Amoy Gardens akabata rekodhi yekuwedzera kwezuva rimwechete mumatambudziko akasimbiswa.

Nyanzvi dzezvepfungwa dzinoimba Sing Lee naArthur Kleinman, pamwe nevamwe vaaishanda navo, vakaita ongororo yakadzama yeAmoy Gardens panguva yekupararira. Vakatanga nemapoka maviri ekutarisa-awa rimwe nevagari gumi nevashanu vachiteverwa nepfupi-yekuzvibvunza mibvunzo yakazadziswa ne903 yeva4 896 vagari. Amoy Gardens ane mabhuroko 19 asi 135 pamatambudziko mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemapfumbamwe uye makumi maviri nemaviri evane makumi mana nevaviri vakafa muBlock E. Vatsvagiri vakawedzera basa ravo nezvidzidzo zviviri zvine chekuita nezvevagari veBlock E.

Ruzhinji rwakasimba rwevakabvunzwa vakataura zvakakomba kubva mukugara muAmoy Gardens panguva yekuparara kweSARS. Mhedzisiro yaisanganisira kurambidzwa kurapwa, kukumbirwa kusiya basa ravo, kurega kushamwaridzana, kana kuiswa pazororo risingabhadharwe. Vane vakapindura mune gumi vakabuda munzvimbo yakaoma panguva yekutanga. Kusarura kwaive kwakanyanya muBlock E uye kwakadzikira nekuwedzera nzvimbo. Vanhu vazhinji vaigara mune mamwe matunhu eAmoy Gardens vakashuma kunzvenga Block E nevagari vayo.

Ruzhinji rwakasimba rwevakabvunzurudzwa vakapindurawo vakashushikana mumuviri nepfungwa panguva uye mushure mekuputika. Zviratidzo zvaisanganisira kushomeka kwepfungwa, kusagadzikana, kushaya hope, kusagadzikana pachipfuva, uye nemusoro. Vakapindura vakanzwisisa zviratidzo izvi zvichikonzerwa nekutya kutapuriranwa, kusava nechokwadi nezvekutapurirana kweSARS, kudonha kwakamwe kamwe mukukosha kwemafurati avo, ruzivo rwekuvharirwa kwakasimba pavakatemerwa, uye ruzivo rwekushoreka pacharo.

Mhedziso

Tsika psychology inovhara nzira dzakawanda. Mune yangu yapfuura posvo, ini ndakatsanangura zvidzidzo nezviuru zvevatori vechikamu mumatunhu mazhinji. Izvi zvinomiririra yetsika-tsika tsika yekunzvera kwepasirese uye ine chokwadi ine nzvimbo yayo. Asi iwe zvakare unodzidza zvakawanda kubva mukutaura kune vamwe vanhu nezve hupenyu hwavo munzvimbo chaidzo. Kunyangwe hazvo zvakabatana zvakanyanya nesainzi sainzi senge anthropology uye zvemagariro, ndinotenda panofanira kuve nenzvimbo pano yetsika psychology zvakare.

Tsika psychology zvakare ine tsika yekutsvaga pamusoro pezvakakosha: tsika tsika dzepfungwa dzevanhu; hwaro hwepfungwa hwetsika. Ini ndinotarisira kutsanangura rimwe rebasa iri mune ramangwana zvinyorwa. Tsika psychology inofanirwa zvakare kusangana nekumanikidza nyaya dzemagariro, zvakadaro. Idzi dzinogona kunge dziri nyaya dzinobuda pakarepo, senge COVID-19. Dzinogona zvakare kuve nyaya dzakareba, senge ethnocultural tsika kana kumwe kusarura.

Zvinyorwa

Mumwe mupiro wetsika psychology ndiko kushandiswa kweakarongeka, maitiro esainzi kumatambudziko emagariro. Izvo zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa kune akati wandei mamwe minda. Maitiro aya anogona kukwidza kunetsekana, zvakadaro. Kana tikanzwisisa zvirinani kuti nei uye nei vanhu vachiratidza rusarura isu tingaite senge tiri kuswedera padyo nekururamisa rusarura. Uropi hwangu hwakaita kuti ndiite, kana kurera kwangu, shamwari dzangu, mamiriro angu. Ndichambomira pano, sezvo iwo musoro wenyaya unokodzera iwo wega kutumira.

Zvinyorwa

¹ Kana iwe ukaverenga chinyorwa ichi mukati memazuva mashoma ekutanga iwe ungadai usina kuona mubatanidzwa chikwereti kune vezvepfungwa paUniversity yeAlberta. Kutenda kukuru kune wandinoshanda naye Kim Noels, anotungamira iyo Intercultural Kutaurirana Lab kuU yeA, nekundinyevera nezveiyi mhosho. Unogona kuwana kumwe kufukidzwa kwechidzidzo pano.

Lee, S., Chan, L. Y., Chau, A. M., Kwok, K. P., & Kleinman, A. (2005). Chiitiko cheSARS-chakanangana nechinyadzo paAmoy Gardens. Zvemagariro Sayenzi & Mushonga, 61, 2038-2046.