Dementia uye Kurara

Zvemukati

• Dementia Yakakosha Kuverengwa
• Nei Kuzvidzora Kukundikana muDementia

Iwe unogona kunge wakacherekedza, sezvandakaita ini, iyo yazvino mishumo munhau venhau nezve kuwedzera kukuru kwehuwandu hwekuzviuraya kubva pakupera kwema1990. Chiyero chakawedzera kupfuura makumi maviri neshanu muzana pakati pa1999 na2016 nekuwedzera mumakumi mana nemakumi mashanu ematunhu makumi mashanu. Ini ndinotenda kuti zvimwe zvezvinhu zviri kukonzera kuwanda uku zvine chekuita nekuwedzera kwezvinhu uye kushomeka kwezvinoreva zvinoitika nevazhinji munharaunda yedu. Chipi kana chipi chingave chikonzero, kuzviuraya kunogona kuve kwakaoma zvakanyanya kufungidzira kune chikamu chevashandi vehutano hwepfungwa uye zvinorwadza kuhama dzepedyo neshamwari dzinofirwa nemunhu wavanoda kuzviuraya. Chave chiri chiitiko changu kuti kurapwa kwepfungwa kwakanangana nekubatsira nhengo dzemhuri uye shamwari dzinogona kunge riri rimwe rebasa rakaomesesa richaitwa nachiremba. Ndichiri kufunga izvi, ndakayeuka kuzviuraya kunosuruvarisa kwaRobin Williams. Akange achinetseka nekushushikana uye achinge achidzidza kuti aive nematanho ekutanga eundangariro zvakamukurira zvekuti akasarudza kutora hupenyu hwake. Kune yake mhuri uye vateveri vazhinji ichi chaive chiitiko chinoshungurudza.

Kuwana kuongororwa kwehunyoro hwekuziva kusagadzikana kana kuora mwoyo kunogona kukuvadza varwere uye nenhengo dzemhuri. Kusanyorova kwekukanganisa kwekuziva kunoonekwa kana vanhu vachikwegura uye vaine zvinowanzoitika matambudziko ekuziva kupfuura aya akasangana nevanhu vezera rimwe chete. Zvinosanganisira matambudziko akadai sekukanganwa ruzivo rwuchangobva kudzidzwa, kukanganwa zviitiko zvakakosha senge zvakagadzwa navanachiremba, kunzwa kuneta nekuita sarudzo, uye kuva nemutongo wakanyanya. Shanduko idzi dzakakosha zvakakwana zvekuti shamwari nemhuri vanozviona. Hunyoro hwekuziva kusanzwisisika kunogona kuve pamberi pechirwere cheAlzheimer uye pamwe zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwerudzi rwumwe chete rwechinjo dzinoitika muuropi panguva yekuvandudzwa kwekuora mwoyo.

Hunyoro hwekukanganisika kukanganisika inzvimbo yepakati yekufungisisa kusagadzikana pakati peiyo inoonekwa mukukwegura kwakazara uye kuora mwoyo chaiko (Petersen, R. C., 2011). Kazhinji, ndangariro dzinodzikira nezera, asi kwete kusvika padanho rekukanganisa kugona kwese kuita. Chiverengero chidiki chevanhu, chakakomberedza mumwe muvane zana, vanogona kukwanisa kuburikidza nehupenyu vasina chero kuderera kwekuziva chero. Isu vamwe tine rombo shoma. Hunyoro hwekuziva kusanzwisisika kunoonekwa kana iko kuderera kwekuziva kwekushanda kuri kukuru kupfuura izvo zvingatarisirwa pahwaro hwechembera chete. Pakati pevanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa vari pakati pegumi kubva muzana kusvika makumi maviri kubva muzana vanosangana nezvinodiwa zvekukanganisa kwekuziva. Nehurombo, ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vazhinji vane hurema hwekuziva zvisirizvo vari panjodzi yekuwedzera dementia. Kune avo vane hurema hwekuziva zvishoma, zviitiko zvakaita sekubhadhara zvikwereti uye kuenda kunotenga zvinowedzera kuoma. Ndakagara ndichiona kushushikana kwakakosha uko kwekukanganisa kwekuziva kunokonzera varwere.

Ongororo yemabhuku inoitwa naDa Silva (2015) yakawana kuti kukanganiswa kwekurara kunowanzoitika mukushushikana uye kufungidzira kuderera kwekuziva kune vanhu vakuru vane dementia. Zvinogoneka kuti kuzivisa nekurapa kusagadzikana kwekurara kune vanhu vane hurema hwekuziva uye kuora mwoyo kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza kugona, uye kuongorora kukanganisika kwekurara kune varwere vane hurema hwekuziva kwekukanganisa kunogona kubatsira kuona zviratidzo zvekutanga zvehungwaru. Cassidy-Eagle & Siebern (2017) cherekedza kuti vangangoita makumi mana muzana yevanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa vanoratidzira imwe nzira yehope yekurara uye 70% yeavo vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa vane mana kana anopfuura ehurwere hwakabatana. Sezvo vanhu vanokwegura, kurara kunova kwakapatsanuka uye kurara kwakadzika kunodzikira. Sezvavanokura, vanhu vanowanzoita kushoma uye kushaya hutano, izvo zvinobatsira mukuwedzera kwematambudziko akadai sekushaya hope. Idzi shanduko dzinoitika kazhinji uye zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kune vanhu vane hunyoro hwekuziva kwekukanganisa. Kupedza nguva yakawanda uri pamubhedha wakamuka uye kutora nguva yakareba kuti ubate hope kwave kuchisanganiswa nenjodzi yekuwedzera kukura kwekukanganisa kwekuziva kana kuora mwoyo kune vanhu vakuru.

Neraki, kugona kwekuziva maitiro ekurapa kwakawanikwa kuchishanda pakurapa kushaya hope kuvanhu vakura sezvazviri nevadiki. Vazhinji vanhu vakuru vanowana kugona kwekuziva maitiro ekurapa kuti agamuchirwe kupfuura kurapwa kwemishonga, muchidimbu, nekuti haina mhedzisiro inosanganisirwa nemishonga yekurapa yekusarara. Cassidy-Eagle & Siebern (2017) akashandisa yekuziva maitiro kupindira kwakapihwa nachiremba wepfungwa kune makumi maviri nemasere vakuru vane zera rinoreva makore 89.36 emakore, avo vakasangana nematanho eese kusarara uye hurema hwekuziva kwekukanganisa. Uku kupindira kwekurapa kwakaguma nekuvandudzwa kwekurara uye nhanho dzakagadziriswa dzehutongi hwekuita senge kuronga uye ndangariro. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kugona kwehunhu maitiro kungave kuri kupindira kunobatsira kwevarwere vanotambura nehurema hwekuziva kwekukanganisa. Kumwe kutsvagurudza kuchazodiwa kuti uongorore zvizere mabhenefiti eruzivo rwekurapa kwehosha muvarwere ava.

Mhando huru dzehumwe chirwere cheAlzheimer, chirwere chePasinson chine kuora mwoyo, kuora mwoyo nemitezo yeLeyy, chirwere chevascular dementia, chirwere cheHuntington, chirwere cheCreutzfeldt-Jakob, uye dementia yepamberi.Vazhinji vanhu vanoziva chirwere cheAlzheimer uye chirwere cheParkinson chine kuora mwoyo. Muchokwadi, chirwere cheAlzheimer ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekushomeka mukukwegura. Chirwere cheParkinson chinozivikanwa uye chinowanzo sangana ne dementia. Vanoda kusvika makumi masere muzana evarwere vaPasinson vanozoita imwe dementia mukati memakore masere. Pakati pe40% uye 60% yevarwere vane dementia vanobatwa nekushaya hope. Kushaya hope ingori imwe yematambudziko akati wandei ekurara anogona kuomesa hupenyu uye kurapwa kwevarwere vane dementia. Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakare kuti kuwedzera kukanganiswa kwekurara, uye iyo EEG shanduko iyo inogona kuoneka pane polysomnography, inowedzera kuwedzera pamwe nekufambira mberi kwekuora mwoyo.

Chirwere cheAlzheimer chirwere cheeurodegenerative nekufambira mberi kwekudzikira mundangariro nekuziva kwekushanda nekufamba kwenguva. Kusvika pa25% yevarwere vane hunyoro kusvika pakuenzanisa Alzheimer's uye 50% vane mwero kusvika kune hwakakomba chirwere vane zvimwe zvinoonekwa kurara kusagadzikana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusarara uye kunyanyisa kurara masikati. Zvichida zvakakura kwazvo pamatambudziko ane chekuita nekurara ndicho chiitiko chinosangana chakakomberedza che "kunyura kwezuva", panguva iyo, varwere panguva dzemanheru nguva dzose vanotanga kuve nedunhu redhirium nekuvhiringidzika, kushushikana, kushungurudzika, uye hunhu hwehasha hune mukana kudzungaira kure nemusha. Chokwadi, kunetseka kwekurara muvarwere ava ndiko kukuru kunopa mukugadzwa kwekutanga, uye kudzungaira kazhinji kunogumisira kudikanwa kwekuti varwere ava vagare pazvikamu zvakakiyiwa.

Chirwere chePasinson chine kurasika pfungwa chinosanganisirwa nematambudziko akakura ekurara anosanganisira kufungidzira uko kungave kwakabatana neREM zvimiro zvekurara zvinobuda panguva yekumuka, chirwere cheREM chehunhu hwekurara panguva iyo vanhu vanoita zviroto, uye kuderera kwehunhu hwekurara. Aya matambudziko anogona kuve akaomesesa zvakanyanya kuvarwere, mhuri dzavo, uye nevanovachengeta.

Zvinetso zvekutanga zvekurara izvo varwere vane ese mafomu ehumwe kushaya hope, kushaya hope kwakanyanyisa masikati, akachinja mitinhimira, uye kufamba kwakanyanya pakati pehusiku sekukanda makumbo, kuita zviroto, uye kudzungaira. Nhanho yekutanga yekubatsira kurapa matambudziko aya ndeyekuti varapi vavo vaone kuwedzerwa kurara kana kusagadzikana kwezvekurapa kuitira kuti vagone kurapwa kuti vabatsire kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Semuenzaniso, varwere vanogona kunge vasina zororo gumbo syndrome, kurara kufema, kushungurudzika, kurwadziwa, kana dambudziko redundira, zvese izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kurara. Kurapa kwezvinetso izvi kunogona kubatsira kudzikisira kusarara uye kunyanya kurara masikati. Zvinetso zvakasiyana zvekurapa uye mishonga inoshandiswa kuvarapa inogona kukonzera matambudziko ekurara kune varwere vane dementia. Muenzaniso ungangove mukana wekuwedzera kushaya hope kunokonzerwa nekushandisa inoshanda antidepressant mishonga yekurapa kushushikana.

Dementia Yakakosha Kuverengwa

Nei Kuzvidzora Kukundikana muDementia