Imbwa Dzinogona Kuona mu Ultraviolet?

Kutsvagisa kunoratidza kuti imbwa yako inogona kukwanisa kuona zvinhu zvisingaonekwe zvachose newe.

Ukatarisa saizi, chimiro, uye chimiro cheziso rembwa rinotaridzika zvakanyanya seziso revanhu. Nechikonzero ichocho isu tine tsika yekufungidzira kuti chiratidzo muimbwa chakafanana neicho muvanhu. Zvisinei sainzi yave ichifambira mberi uye tiri kudzidza kuti imbwa nevanhu havawanzo kuona chinhu chimwe chete uye havawanzo kuona zvakafanana kugona. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe imbwa dziine mamwe mavara ekuona (tinya pano kuti uwane zvimwe pamusoro peizvozvo) iwo marangi emavara ari mashoma zvakanyanya kana achienzaniswa nevanhu. Imbwa dzinowanzoona nyika mumumvuri weyero, bhuruu, uye grey uye haigone kusarudza pakati pemavara atinoona akatsvuka uye girini. Vanhu zvakare vane zvirinani kuona acuity, uye vanogona kusarudza rusarura izvo imbwa zvisingakwanise (tinya pano kuti uverenge zvakawanda nezve izvo).

Padivi rerutivi, ziso rembwa rakanangana nekuratidzwa kwehusiku uye ma canine anogona kuona zvakawanda pasi pechiedza chisina kujeka kupfuura isu vanhu. Uyezve, imbwa dzinogona kuona kufamba zviri nani kupfuura vanhu. Zvisinei chidzidzo chakaburitswa mu Kuenderera kweRoyal Society B * inoratidza kuti imbwa dzinogona zvakare kuona iyo yakazara huwandu hweruzivo rwekuona izvo vanhu vasingakwanise.

Ronald Douglas, purofesa webhayoloji kuCity University London naGlenn Jeffrey, purofesa wezveuroscience paUniversity College London, vaifarira kuona kuti mhuka dzinogona kuona mumwenje we ultraviolet here. Kureba kwemafungu echiedza chinoonekwa kunoyerwa muma nanometer (nanometer imwe yemamiriyoni yezviuru zvemamita). Kureba kwenguva refu, kutenderera mazana manomwe nm, kunoonekwa nevanhu sekutsvuka, uye mapfupi marefu ehurefu, akatenderera mazana mana, anoonekwa sebhuruu kana violet. Wavelengths yechiedza ayo akapfupika kupfuura 400 nm haaonekwe nevanhu vakajairika, uye mwenje mune iri renji inonzi ultraviolet.

Zvinonyatso kuzivikanwa kuti dzimwe mhuka, senge tupukanana, hove, uye shiri, dzinogona kuona mune ultraviolet. Kune nyuchi uku kugona kwakakosha. Kana vanhu vakatarisa pamamwe maruva vanogona kuona chimwe chinhu chine yunifomu, zvisinei, mhando zhinji dzemaruva dzakashandura makara adzo kuitira kuti kana ichitariswa neultivivivity sensitivity iri pakati pe ruva zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti nyuchi iwane. Unogona kuzviona mumufananidzo uyu.

Muvanhu lenzi iri mukati meziso rine yero yero iyo inosvina kunze kwechiedza che ultraviolet. Boka reBritain rekutsvagisa rakafunga kuti mamwe marudzi emhuka dzinogona kunge asina zvimiro zvine yero mumaziso avo uye nekudaro anogona kunge akatarisa kune ultraviolet mwenje. Icho chaicho chiitiko chekuti vanhu vakabviswa lens yeziso ravo nekuvhiyiwa nekuda kwemakata vanowanzo taura shanduko mumaonero avo. Nekubviswa kweiyo yeyero lens vanhu vakadai vanogona ikozvino kuona muiyo ultraviolet renji. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti yaive nekuda kwekuita kwakadaro kwemaziso muoni Monet akatanga kupenda maruva neblue tinge.

Muchidzidzo chazvino huwandu hwakawanda hwemhuka hunosanganisira: imbwa, katsi, makonzo, reindeer, ferrets, nguruve, hedgehogs nevamwe vazhinji, vakaedzwa. Kujeka kwezvinhu zvemaziso avo kwakayerwa uye zvakawanikwa kuti huwandu hwesirudzi uhu hwakabvumidza mukana wakanaka wechiedza che ultraviolet mumaziso avo. Kana ziso rembwa rakaedzwa vakaona kuti raibvumidza pamusoro pe61% yeiyo UV mwenje kuti ipfuure uye isvike kune photosensitive receptors mu retina. Enzanisa izvi nevanhu uko pasina kana UV mwenje inopinda. Neiyi data nyowani tinokwanisa kuona kuti imbwa inogona sei kuona chinoonekwa (senge muraraungu) tichienzanisa nemunhu uye icho chakafananidzwa mumufananidzo uyu.

Mubvunzo uri pachena wekubvunza ndewekuti imbwa inobatsira kubva pakukwanisa kwayo kuona muiyo ultraviolet. Inogona kunge iine chekuita nekuva neziso rakashandurwa kuitira kuti rive nehusiku kuona zvakanaka, sezvo zvichitaridzika kuti mhuka idzo dzaive dzinenge husiku husina kukwana dzaive nemalensi anokwanisa kufambisa ultraviolet, nepo avo vaishanda zvakanyanya masikati havana . Nekudaro zvakare iri nyaya yekuti mamwe marudzi eruzivo anogona kugadziriswa kana iwe uine ultraviolet senitivity. Chero chipi zvacho chinotora ultraviolet kana kuchiratidza zvakasiyana chingave chinoonekwa. Semuenzaniso pachiyero ichi tine munhu watakapenda pateni tichishandisa mafuta ekuzora zuva (ayo anovharira ultraviolet). Iyo pateni haina kuoneka pasi peyakajairwa mamiriro, asi kana ichitariswa mune yeultraviolet mwenje inova yakajeka.

Mune zvakasikwa pane zvinoverengeka zvezvinhu zvakakosha izvo zvinogona kuve zvinoonekwa kana iwe uchiona mune iyo ultraviolet. Chainakidza imbwa inyaya yekuti nzira dzemuti weti dzinoonekwa mune ultraviolet. Sezvo weti ichishandiswa nembwa kudzidza chimwe chinhu nezve dzimwe imbwa munharaunda yavo, zvinogona kubatsira kuti ukwanise kuona zvigamba zvacho zviri nyore. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kuve zvekubatsira mumusango canine senzira yekutarisa nekuteedzera vangangoita mhuka.

Mune mamwe mamiriro akasarudzika kunzwisisika kune iyo ultraviolet chikamu cheiyo spectrum inogona kupa mukana kune mhuka inovhima kuti irarame, senge madzitateguru embwa dzedu. Funga nezvemufananidzo pazasi. Iwe unogona kuona kuti iyo chena coloration yeArctic hare inopa yakanaka kufukidza uye inoita kuti mhuka itadze kunetseka kuona ichitarisana nesinou kumashure. Zvisinei kufukidza kwakadaro hakuna kunaka kana kuchishandiswa kupokana nemhuka ine ultraviolet visual kugona. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chando chinoratidzira yakawanda yeiyo ultraviolet mwenje nepo chena mvere isingaratidze UV ​​mwaranzi zvakare. Nekudaro kune iro UV rinoona ziso iyo arctic hare ikozvino yave kunyatso kuoneka sezvo ichiita sekunge iripasina chimiro, pane chena pakatarisana nemuchena, sezvinoonekwa mune simulation pazasi.

Kana kunzwisisika kwekuona muiyo ultraviolet kuchipa zvakanakira mhuka kunge imbwa, saka pamwe mubvunzo watinofanira kunge tichibvunza ndosaka dzimwe mhuka, sevanhu, dzisingazobatsirike zvakare nekuve nekwanisi yekunyoresa ultraviolet mwenje. Mhinduro yacho inoita kunge inouya nenyaya yekuti kune nguva dzose kutengeserana-offs muzviratidzo. Iwe unogona kuva neziso rinotaridzika munzvimbo dzakadzika dzechiedza, senge ziso rembwa, asi iko kunzwisisika kunouya nemutengo. Iwo mapfupi marefu evhenekeri echiedza (ayo atinoona sebhuruu, uye zvakatonyanya kudaro, iwo mapfupi asi wavelengths atinodaidza kuti ultraviolet) ayo akapararira nyore nyore pavanopinda muziso. Ichi chiedza chinopararira chinoshatisa mufananidzo uye chichiita kuti chinyatsojeka kuti iwe usakwanisa kuona ruzivo. Saka imbwa dzakashanduka kubva kuvhimi vehusiku dzinogona kunge dzakachengetedza kugona kwadzo kuona ultraviolet mwenje nekuti inoda kunzwisisika ikoko kana paine mwenje mushoma kutenderedza. Mhuka dzinoshanda masikati, senge isu vanhu, dzinovimba zvakanyanya pane edu ekuona acuity kuti vabudirire kubata nenyika. Saka isu tine maziso anoongorora iyo ultraviolet kuitira kuti tivandudze kugona kwedu kuona zvakanaka zvinoonekwa.

Isu tanga tichitaura nezve chidzidzo chekutanga chakabata nezvechiitiko che canine chiratidzo uye mhedzisiro yacho zvakashamisa vazhinji vedu vasina kumbofungidzira kuti imbwa dzinogona kunge dziine iyi fomu yekuwedzera kwekuona. Zviripachena kuti kutsvagurudza kunodiwa kuona kuti imbwa dzinonyatso batsirwa sei nehunyanzvi uhu. Ini ndinopokana kuti kwaive kushanduka kwekushanduka uko kunongobvumidza imbwa kuti dzive nekukoshesa kukuru kwemaposita echinyakare ayo akazove akakurumbira muma1970s - munoziva iwo maposta akagadzirwa nekushandisa inks dzakapepetwa pasi pe "mwenje mutema" kana ultraviolet mwenje sosi . Asi chete kuburikidza neruzivo rwemberi ndipo patinozoziva zvechokwadi.

Stanley Coren ndiye munyori wemabhuku mazhinji anosanganisira: Vanamwari, Vadzimu uye Imbwa Dema; Huchenjeri hwembwa; Imbwa Dzinorota Here? Akazvarwa Bark; Imbwa Yemazuva Ano; Nei Imbwa Dzine Mhuno Dzemvura? Zvinyorwa zveNhoroondo; Kufunga Kwakaita Imbwa; Sei Kutaura Imbwa; Nei Tichida Imbwa Dzatinoita; Chii Chinoziva Imbwa? Huchenjeri hwembwa; Nei Imbwa Yangu Inoita Nenzira Iyo? Kunzwisisa Imbwa dzeDummies; Mbavha dzekurara; Kuruboshwe-hander Syndrome

Copyright SC Psychological Enterprises Ltd. Inogona kunge isingadhindwe kana kutumirwazve pasina mvumo

Dhata kubva ku: R. H. Douglas, G. Jeffery (2014). Iyo yekuparadzira spectral kufambiswa kwemaziso enhau inoratidza kuti ultraviolet senitivity yakapararira pakati pezvipfuwo. Kuenderera kweRoyal Society B, Kubvumbi, vhoriyamu 281, kuburitsa 1780.