Uri Kurwadziwa neVicarious Trauma?

Vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa nezwi iri zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya , zvine chekuita nepfungwa inowanzo kutsanangurwa zvakazara mukutsanangura kushungurudzika kwechipiri kunowanikwa nevanhu vanoshanda nevanhu vakashungurudzika. Asi vanhu vazhinji vasingashande zvakaringana mukati mehuwandu hwevanhu vanogona zvakadaro kunzwa kusagadzikana, kusagadzikana, kana kunyangwe zviratidzo zvemuviri izvo zvisingaite kunge zvakanamatira kune izvozvi mamiriro ehupenyu. Asi ndizvo here? Uye pasina chero rovedzo kana ruzivo, isu tinotsungirira sei?

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeVicarious Trauma

Dana C. Branson (2019) anocherekedza kuti vicarious trauma (VT) inowanzo shandiswa kureva "shanduko yakasarudzika, yakaipa, uye yekuunganidza" iyo inogona kukanganisa varapi vanoita hukama hwevatengi vanonzwira tsitsi. [I] Branson anoona kuti mukati meiyi mamiriro, hunhu uye zviratidzo zvemuviri zvinogona kusanganisira pfungwa dzisingagamuchirike kana mifananidzo inofumurwa nekuburitswa kwevatengi, hope dzinotyisa, kusaenda kubasa, kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko, kushungurudzika kune zvekuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka, kudzivirira kusangana kwepedyo, nevamwe vazhinji.

Mukati mehumwe hunyanzvi, kushungurudzika kwekushushikana kunogona kuve kwakanyanya kutaurwa, senge mukati memutemo wezvemitemo kana vekurapa, uko vashandi vanowanzo kusangana nekutambura kwevanhu. Asi kutsvagurudza kunoratidza kuti kushungurudzika kunokanganisa vanhu vazhinji.

Sean Hallinan et al. (2019), muchidimbu chinoongorora kushungurudzika mukati memasangano, inotora tsananguro yekushanda kwekukuvara kwakashata (VT) se "kuburitswa, nekubatana kwetsitsi, kune zvinoshungurudza zviitiko zvevamwe." [Ii] Ivo vanoona kuti vashandi vemasangano kupa vekutanga vanopindura sevhisi, senge mabasa ekukurumidzira semoto uye kutevedzera mutemo, pamwe nerubatsiro rwevanotambudzwa, vane njodzi huru yekushungurudzika, kwavanoziva kuti kunogona kutungamira kumhedzisiro senge kushandisa zvinodhaka, kufunga kwekuzviuraya, uye kunetsekana kwepashure kwekushungurudzika (PTSD).

Panyaya yehuwandu, Hallinan et al. cherekedza kuti pakati pemuenzaniso wemapurisa, makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu muzana vakashuma kusangana nechitunha, icho chakatsanangurwa senzira yakajairika yechiitiko, ichiteverwa netsaona kuita kukanganisa kunokuvadza munhu akamira (97.7 muzana). Vanoona kuti zviitiko izvi zvakateverwa zvakanyanya nekuona munhu mukuru akarohwa zvakaipisisa (95 muzana), kana chitunha chiri kuora (91 muzana). Vanoona kuti vashandi vanobatanidzwa mukupa rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira rwekurapa vaive vakafirwa zvakafanana kana kukuvara zvakanyanya.

Asi munhu haafanire kupfeka bheji, stethoscope, kana ngowani yemoto kuti aoneswe mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzeresa kushungurudzika. Chinokosha kudzidza kurarama nazvo.

Emotional Kushongedza uye Kutsigira

Grace Maguire naMitchell K. Byrne, mune imwe ongororo yekuongorora kushungurudzika mumagweta uye nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa (2017), ona kuti kusangana nezviitiko zvinotambudza zvinokanganisa nyanzvi dzakasiyana nenzira, maererano neshure uye kudzidziswa mukati memunda wavo wechirango. [Iii] Zvekukosha zvakanyanya, ivo vanoziva kuti kutarisana nenjodzi kunogona kutarisirwa zvirinani nevashandi vehutano hwepfungwa, avo vanogona kunge vakave nekudzidziswa kwakanangana nekushungurudzika, uye vanogona kuwana rutsigiro rwevezera.

Kunyangwe mukati mehunyanzvi hwekurapa, pane misiyano mukugadzirira kushungurudzika. Zhenyu Li et al. (2020) achidzidza kushungurudzika kwakanangana neCovid-19, akawana vanamukoti vemberi-vakashongedzerwa zvirinani kubata kushungurudzika kupfuura vanamukoti vasiri vemberi, nekuda kweruzivo rwavo rwepamusoro, kudzidziswa, uye ruzivo. [Iv]

Icho chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kushungurudzika kunopararira kwakapararira pakati penzvimbo yakakura yebasa kupfuura zvinoonekwa nevamwe vanhu, asi zvakare, zvirinani kusvika pamwero uye nekudzidziswa kwakakodzera uye rutsigiro rwevezera, zvese zvinorapika uye zvinodzivirirwa.