Zvese Nezvevanhu veNarcissistic

Zvemukati

• Narcissism Yakakosha Kuverenga
• Rationalizing Manipulation: Izvo Zvinhu Zvatinoitira weNarcissist

Mune yangu yapfuura positi nezve narcissism, ndakazivisa Josh Miller, Ph.D.-Muzvinafundo wePsychology paUniversity yeGeorgia, uye nyanzvi ye narcissism - akagamuchira nenyasha chikumbiro changu chekubvunzurudza. Ndakamubvunza mibvunzo yakasiyana siyana nezve kufarirwa kwe narcissism, grandiose narcissism uye hukama hwayo ne psychopathy, hukama pakati pekuzviremekedza uye narcissism, nezvimwe. Mune yanhasi posvo, ini ndinopa chikamu chechipiri cheQ & A yangu.

Emamzadeh: Chii chinonzi label zvokurwara narcissism Zvinorevei? Icho chinoreva chimiro chekupokana chinosangana neyakagadziriswa narcissistic hunhu kusagadzikana (kureva., Inosanganiswa nekusagadzikana uye kukanganisa)? Kana zvirizvo, pane chinhu chakadai sekuchinja kana hutanonarcissism ?

Miller: Handizive kuva akatendeseka, sezvo isiri iyo nguva yandinoshandisa pachangu. Ndingafungidzira kuti zvinorehwa kuratidza narcissism iyo inonyanya kubatanidzwa nekushushikana nekuremara uye iyo inomiririra kupaza kwakakura-muzvirongwa zvekuzvidzora zvine chekuita narcissism. ¹ Ini handifarire pfungwa yekuti kune mhando dzakasiyana dze narcissism - pathological vs. adaptive kana hutano - sezvo ini ndichifunga kuti mutsauko uyu unovhiringidza nyaya dzezviratidzwa zvakasiyana maererano nehukuru hukuru narcissism ine njodzi nenyaya dzine chekuita nekuoma. Imwe inogona kuve yakanyanya kana kushomeka zvakanyanya kusagadzikana pane chero hupamhi hwe narcissism kana musanganiswa. Narcissism ine hutano, kana iripo, zvingangoreva kuti imwe inokwidziridzwa padiki pane yakakura narcissism asi kwete zvakanyanya kutambura nekuremara mumatunhu anokosha anoshanda (semuenzaniso, kudanana; basa). Kune rimwe divi, narcissism iri panjodzi yaisazombofungidzirwa kuti "ine hutano" mukuti ine zvakakomba uye zvinopararira zvakashata kusazvidzora uye nekudaro kuzvitemba uye nekudaro zvinowirirana neyakaomeswa dambudziko iri chinhu chakakomba chekukanganisika kwepfungwa.

Emamzadeh: Zvakanaka, ndinoda kushandura misoro zvishoma uye ndikubvunze nezve chinangwa mune narcissism. Mumwe waanodzidza naye akamboseka achiti: “Kana munhu akaora mwoyo akati,‘ Hauna hanya neni zvachose, ’tinofunga kuti chirwere chiri kutaura; kana munyori wenhau akataura zvakafanana, tinofungidzira kuti meseji iyi inyanzvi yekuyedza kumubiridzira. ” Iwe unotenda here kuti pane musiyano wakakosha, maererano nehurongwa hwekuzvibata, pakati pehunhu hwehunhu uye humwe hutano hwepfungwa (kusanganisira mamwe matambudziko ehunhu)?

Miller: Izvi ndezvokufungidzira asi ini kutora kwangu kungave kuti hatina humbowo hwakanaka hunoratidza kuti imwe yakanyanya kana kushomeka kuronga kana kufanorongedzwa kupfuura imwe maererano nemaitiro iwayo. Ini ndaizopokana kuti vanhu vakashungurudzika uye vanodhakwa vanogona kuita zvirevo zvakadaro kubva pakurangarira kwechokwadi kuti mumwe akakosha haana hanya navo uye nekuita zvirevo zvakadaro kuwana kusimuka kubva kune iyeye munhu kuti awane zvimwe zvinodiwa (semuenzaniso, kutarisisa, kutsigira, nezvimwewo).

Emamzadeh: Inonakidza. Zvakadii nezvekuzviziva-iwe mune narcissism? Ndakaona kuti dzimwe nguva, senge panokwikwidzwa munhu anofarira narcissistic kana chishuwo chesimba, kana panguva dzezvipenga zvehasha, anogona kuzvibata nenzira dzinokanganisa kunyangwe idzo dzinoratidzika kunge dzinokoshesa zvikuru. Mune maonero ako, yakadii nzwisiso uye kuziva kune vanhu vane makiriniki epamusoro narcissism vane maitiro ekuti maitiro avo anokanganisa sei vamwe?

Miller: Iyo kiriniki lore yakagara iri yekuti vanhu vane hunhu hunhu havana ruzivo rwakanyanya mukati mavo. Rimwe rebasa redu nevamwe 'vakapokana nazvo, zvisinei, nekuratidza kuti kuzvipupurira kwehukasha, psychopathy, uye humwe hunhu hunosangana zvakanaka nemishumo ine ruzivo. Muchokwadi, vanosangana nemishumo ine ruzivo kusvika padanho rakafanana iro munhu raanowana rehunhu hwakajairwa senge neuroticism, kubvumirana, uye kuwedzeredza. Uye, kana zvikasabvumirana zvakanaka kushaikwa kwekubatana kunogona kumiririra kusawirirana pane kushayikwa kwezivo. Ndokunge, kana iwe ukaisa mibvunzo mune izvo zvinonzi meta-maonero fomati panzvimbo (wega-chirevo: Ini ndinotenda ndinofanirwa kurapwa kwakasarudzika; meta-maonero: Vamwe vanofunga kuti ndinotenda ndinokodzera kurapwa kwakasarudzika), iwe kazhinji unowana chibvumirano chepamusoro nevanozivisa. Chibvumirano chepamusoro ichi chingareva kuti vanhu vanoita zvemhirizhonga vanoziva maonerwo avanoitwa nevamwe asi vangangopokana nekuongororwa kwemunhu iyeye. Rimwe basa rinoratidzira kuti vanhu vekupokana vanofunga pamusoro pavo zvekuti vanonzwisisa kuti kwavo-kuzviona kwakanyanya kunaka kupfuura maonero evamwe pamusoro pavo, kuti vamwe vanowanzo funga zvishoma pamusoro pavo nekufamba kwenguva, uye kuti vanoziva kuti kwavo hunhu hunopesana (semuenzaniso, hukuru, kusagadzikana, kodzero) zvinokonzeresa kukanganisika.

Izvi hazvirevi kuramba kuti vanhu vanokanganisa vanokonzeresa vamwe kurwadziwa nekutambura, kusanganisira avo vavangatokoshesa uye vade (semuenzaniso, vadikani, shamwari; nhengo dzemhuri), sezvavanowanzoita. Pane kudaro, ndinogona kupokana kuti maitiro aya anogona kunge asingabve mukushayikwa kwekunzwisisa zvachose asi zvine hungwaru uye hunhu reactivity iyo inogona kuteedzera inoonekwa kutyisidzira, kukosha kwenzvimbo, hutongi, uye hutongi kune vanhu vekupokana, uye zvakawandisa zvakadzikira kubatanidzwa zvimwe zvinoita kuti maitiro aya awedzere.

Emamzadeh: Huye, izvo zvinonyatso kupenda mufananidzo wakaomarara wevanyengeri. Ehezve, chero chii chinokurudzira, hunhu hwehunhu hahuite kune hukama hwakanaka. Mune zvinyorwa zvemakiriniki, narcissism yakabatanidzwa nekukanganisa kwakakura (semuenzaniso, mune rudo uye hukama hwehukama). Kunyangwe hunhu hunhu hwakabatana ne "kuzvifunga, kuzvida, uye kushandisa nzira yehukama hwehukama, kusanganisira kutamba mitambo, kusavimbika, kushaya tsitsi, uye kunyangwe chisimba" (p. 171). ² Saka ndedzipi nzira dzazvino dzekurapa dzekurapa narcissism? Ko narcissism inogona kurapwa zvinobudirira uchishandisa psychotherapy?

Miller: Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana mishonga inotsigirwa nehunyanzvi ye narcissism panguva ino - saka zvinotevera zvinofungidzira mune zvakasikwa. Pakazara, zvingangoita kushomeka kuti mumwe anozoona akawanda "akachena" kesi dzechikuru narcissism muzvirongwa zvekiriniki, kunze kwekunge zvakatemerwa nedare. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanhu vekupokana vanowanzoonekwa mumakiriniki marongero vanozove nemiratidziro ine njodzi (semuenzaniso, kushushikana, kushushikana, egocentric, kusavimba, pfungwa yekodzero Tichifunga kuti narcissism iri panjodzi inodarika zvakanyanya nepamuganhu hunhu kusagadzikana (BPD), zvinokwanisika kuti mamwe emishonga inotsigirwa nemasimba yeBPD inogona kushandira iyo yekutanga (semuenzaniso, dialectical maitiro kurapa kana DBT; schema-yakatarisana kurapa). Muzhinji, ini ndinofunga munhu anofanirwa kutarisira kuti kunatsiridzwa kunoda nzira yakati rebei yekurapa yakapihwa kukosha uye matambudziko ekukudziridza hukama nevarwere vezvipenga. ³ Maonero angu ndeangu kuti vanhu vane kusagadzikana kwechimiro chekunze (semuenzaniso, vakaremara asi kwete hazvo kushushikana) vanogona kubatsirwa nekutarisisa pane izvo zvavakarasikirwa semhedzisiro yechirwere senzira yekukurudzira shanduko. Ndokunge, handina chokwadi chekuti zviri nyore sei kudzidzisa uye nekuchinja kugona kwetsitsi asi ini ndinofunga varwere vanogona kuziva, semuenzaniso, kuti hunhu hwavo hwehunhu hwakakanganisa chimiro chavo nekuita kwavo pabasa uye kudzidza nzira nyowani dzekudzora maitiro ayo zvakakonzera mhedzisiro iyi kubasa, iyo yavanotarisira nezvayo (semuenzaniso, kusawana kukwidziridzwa). Mubhuku redu idzva rekupokana ⁴ (Miller & Lynam, 2019), iyo yatinoona seyakakosha kune narcissism uye psychopathy, Don Lynam neni takave nerombo rakanaka kuwana vadzidzi vanoverengeka kuti vanyora nezvekuti munhu angaite sei shanduko mudunhu rakadai kubva pamaonero akasiyana siyana, kusanganisira kugona kuzvibata, kukurudzira kubvunzurudza. , psychodynamic, uye DBT.

Narcissism Yakakosha Kuverenga

Rationalizing Manipulation: Izvo Zvinhu Zvatinoitira weNarcissist